1 Espectacular Grammar

Question 1

What do these expressions mean and what are they used for?
Como
Según
Conforme a lo que
Tal y como
De acuerdo con lo que

Answer 1

As/since/like
According to
According to what
Just like
According to what

Used to express the manner of doing something openly

Question 2

What do the following expressions mean and what are they used for?
Sin
En vez de
En lugar de

Answer 2

Without
Instead of
In place of

Used to express the manner of doing something in a different way

Question 3

What do the following expressions mean and what are they used for?
Como si
Igual que si

Answer 3

As if
Just as if/just like

Used to express the manner of doing something by way of comparison.

Question 4

Como, según, conforme a lo que, tal y como, de acuerdo con lo que

Explain how to use indicative or subjunctive with an example of each.

Answer 4

Use with indicative for known facts, e.g. lo hice como pude
Use with subjunctive when facts are unknown or in the future, e.g. hazlo como puedas.

Question 5

Sin que, en vez de, en lugar de

Explain how to use infinitive or subjunctive with an example of each.

Answer 5

Use with infinitive when there is only one subject, e.g. dice las cosas sin pensar
Use with que+subjunctive when there are different subjects e.g. dímelo sin que te oigan

Question 6

Como si, igual que si

Explain if to use indicative or subjunctive with an example

Answer 6

Use with imperfect subjunctive, e.g. actúa como si no le importara nada

Question 7

An adjective can go before or after a noun, what does each signify? (after 2, before 3)

Answer 7

After the noun
1. To express certain characteristics,
E.g.
colour - un bolso negro
shape - un objeto rectangular
state - una puerta abierta
type and origin - un ordenador portátil

2. To distinguish the noun the adjective refers to from others,
   E.g.
   ¿Prefieres la libreta roja o la verde.

Before the noun
1. If they are possessive or demonstrative
E.g.
Mi perro……., Este libro………

2. The adjective defines a number or certain amount of the noun (limiting adjective)
   E.g.
   Cinco paquetes……., poco dinero…….., suficiente dinero……….
3. The adjectives are ordinals or they describe order of the noun.
   E.g. Mi primera experiencia………, su futuro marido………
   NB. The adjectives can go after the noun if they refer to floor number or book chapter, e.g. la planta tercera.

(They always go after the noun when referring to kings and popes etc, e.g. Jaume primero, Juan Pablo segundo)

4. They go before the noun when expressing admiration or appreciation
   E.g.
   Pablo es un buen padre, Julio es un gran escritor, una bonita casa.