1. DNA and RNA

Question 1

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

what info does it carry

Answer 1

genetic info

all instructions an organism needs to grow and develop

Question 2

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

what info does it carry

Answer 2

transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes (which then make proteins)

Question 3

nucleotide is made from

Answer 3

Pentose sugar (5 C atoms)
Nitrogen containing organic base
Phosphate group

Question 4

DNA nucleotide
sugar?
bases?

Answer 4

Deoxyribose sugar

Adenine Thymine Cytosine and Guanine (ATCG)

Question 5

RNA nucleotide
sugar?
bases?

Answer 5

Ribose sugar

Adenine Uracil Cytosine Guanine (AUCG)

Question 6

how do nucleotides join

Answer 6

condensation reaction between phosphate and sugar

Question 7

bond between nucleotides

Answer 7

phosphodiester

Question 8

chain of sugars and phosphate in a polynucleotide is known as

Answer 8

sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 9

structure of DNA

strands?

Answer 9

2 DNA polynucleotide strands joined by H bonding between bases

Question 10

structure of DNA

base pairing?

Answer 10

complimentary base pairing
AT (2 H bonds)
CG (3 H bonds)

Question 11

structure of DNA

the 2 strands are

Answer 11

antiparallel (running in opposite directions)

Question 12

structure of DNA

polynucleotide strands twist to form

Answer 12

double helix

Question 13

structure of RNA

Answer 13

made from 1 polynucleotide chain

much shorter than most DNA polynucleotides