1. Data And Computerized Information Process Flashcards
What does the information system process figure look like?
Activities -> input data -> processing -> output data -> making decisions
What is the mnemonic for important characteristics of information?
Are all computers easy for real robots, simply starter test vehicles.
What are the important characteristics of information?
- Accessible
- Accurate
- Complete
- Economical
- Flexible
- Relevant
- Reliable
- Secure
- Simple
- Timely
- Verfiable
What is raw data?
Data entered into CIS but not yet processed
Is raw data valuable?
Not until processed
What characters tics should raw data have?
- Accurate
- Complete
- Reliable
- Verifiable
What is information?
Data that has been processed
What is a source document?
The first document record of an activity
What are the methods of data input?
- Batch input
2. Online input
Where is data stored once entered into CIS?
The transaction files
What is batch input?
Where similar source documents are grouped together and entered into the CIS periodically
Why would batch input be used?
When there are a huge number of similar source documents and the information is only required at the same frequency as data capturing
What is an advantage of batch input?
Economies of scale. Data is captured at one point instead of dispersed
What is a disadvantage of batch input?
The CSI is not always up to date with the latest data
What is online input?
The immediate capturing of data at the point of activity
What is an example of online input?
Where supermarkets use bar codes to scan in transactions at point of sale
What is the maintain advantage of online input?
The CIS is always up to date with the latest data
What is a disadvantage of online input?
It is costly to implement hardware. E.g. Scanners
What are the different methods of processing data?
- Classifying data
- Performing calculations
- Sorting
- Summarizing
- Transforming data
What is classifying data?
Sorting it according to categories based on certain characteristics
What is sorting data?
Sorting it into an order. E.g. Alphabetically etc.
What is summarizing data?
Condensing data via specific criteria
What is transforming data?
Turning into graphs etc.
What are the different processing types?
- Batch processing
2. Real-time processing
What is batch processing?
Transaction files are updated to master files periodically
What is the disadvantage of batch processing?
Master files are only up to date periodically
What is real-time processing?
Where processing of data happens immediately
What is the advantage of real-time processing?
Master files are always up to date
What are the types of output?
- Batch output
2. Interactive output
What is batch output?
All requests are batched and extracted periodically
What is a disadvantage of batch output?
User need to wait for periodic output file
What are some advantages of batch output?
- Reports will always be consistent
2. Extraction can be scheduled during downtime like on weekends thus optimizing computer resources.
What is interactive output?
Users are directly connected to the CIS and can extract information immediately
What is a drawback of interactive output?
Computer resources are not used optimally
What is a flat file environment?
Users have their own files and there is no sharing
