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MSK Week 5 2017/18 > 1: Clinical anatomy - upper limb > Flashcards

1: Clinical anatomy - upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of stabiliser of the shoulder joint?

A

Static

Dynamic

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2
Q

What are the static stabilisers of the shoulder?

A

Capsule

Labrum

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3
Q

What are the dynamic stabilisers of the shoulder?

A

Rotator cuff muscles

Pectoral muscles

Deltoid

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4
Q

What are some causes of rotator cuff muscle impingement?

A

Tendonitis

Cuff tear

Bursitis

Osteophytes

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5
Q

Where is injected with steroid / anaesthetic to relieve the pain of painful arc syndrome?

A

Subacromial space

(where the impingement is)

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6
Q

What is a Bankart lesion?

A

Detachment of labrum from shoulder joint

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7
Q

How may re-dislocation of the shoulder be prevented?

A

Cuff strengthening

i.e physiotherapy

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8
Q

Which neurovascular structures may be compromised in shoulder dislocation?

A

Brachial plexus (esp. axillary nerve)

Axillary artery

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9
Q

Which ligaments, connecting the collarbone to the scapula, may be damaged upon fracture of the clavicle?

A

Coracoclavicular ligaments

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10
Q

note drawing of bc - adjust so axillary and radial come out below mc and above median

A
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11
Q

What is adhesive capsulitis also known as?

A

Frozen shoulder

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12
Q

Adhesive capsulitis limits the shoulder joint’s range of movement - which movement is especially affected?

A

External rotation

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13
Q

Patient with which condition are more likely to develop adhesive capsulitis?

A

Diabetes

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14
Q

Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the arm?

Where else does it supply?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

Sensory to lateral forearm

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15
Q

Which nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial nerve

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16
Q

Which nerve may be damaged by a humeral shaft fracture?

A

Radial nerve

17
Q

What sign may be present due to radial nerve damage?

Why?

A

Wrist drop

Radial nerve supplies all extensors of upper limb

18
Q

What are the two joints forming the elbow joint?

A

Humero-ulnar joint

Radio-capitellar joint

19
Q

Which elbow joint allows for flexion and extension?

A

Humero-ulnar joint

20
Q

Which elbow joint allows for supination and pronation?

A

Radio-capitellar joint

21
Q

Where is the common extensor origin?

Which disease is associated with this?

A

Lateral epicondyle

Tennis elbow

22
Q

Where is the common flexor origin?

What disease is associated with this?

A

Medial epicondyle

Golfer’s elbow

23
Q

What neurovascular structures can be compromised by supracondylar fractures?

A

Brachial artery

Median nerve

Ulnar nerve

Radial nerve

24
Q

Which forearm joints also facilitate supination and pronation?

A

PRU and DRU joints

25
Q

What primary cartilaginous joint spans the space between the radius and the ulna?

A

Interosseous membrane

26
Q

What is a Monteggia fracture?

What is a Galeazzi fracture?

A

Monteggia - fracture of proximal third of ulna, radius dislocation

Galeazzi - fracture of distal third of ulna, DRUJ dislocation

27
Q

Which nerves supply the flexors of the forearm?

A

Median nerve and ulnar nerve

learn the difference

28
Q

Which nerve supplies all the extensors of the upper limb?

A

Radial nerve

29
Q

Which carpal bone is commonly fractured?

A

Scaphoid

30
Q

Which nerve is compressed in

a) carpal tunnel
b) cubital tunnel?

A

a) Median nerve

b) Ulnar nerve

31
Q

Flexor and extensor tendons are surrounded by a ___ of fascia.

A

sheathe

32
Q

Inflammation of flexor tendons causes which condition, characterised by clicking on manual extension?

A

Trigger finger

33
Q

Which muscles give the hand a high degree of dexterity?

What are some examples?

A

Intrinsic hand muscles

Thenar muscles, lateral lumbricals (interosseous muscles)

34
Q

Which tendons flex the

a) PIP and MCP joints

b) DIP joints?

A

a) Flexor digitorum superficialis

b) Flexor digitorum profundus

35
Q

Name two finger deformities.

A

Boutonniere’s deformity

Swan neck deformity

Squaring and Z-shaped thumbs

MSK Week 5 2017/18 (12 decks)

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