1. Climate And Weather Flashcards
Give a definition of Weather
The day to day changes in the atmosphere e.g temp, rainfall, wind speed & direction
Give a definition for Climate
The average weather conditions over a long period of time e.g 35 years
What weather instrument measure Temperature, and what are the units it is measured in
Thermometer, oC/oF
What weather instrument measure Precipitation, and what are the units it is measured in
Rain Gauge, mm
What weather instrument measure Wind Direction, and what are the units it is measured in
Weather vane, 8 point compass
What weather instrument measure Wind Speed, and what are the units it is measured in
Anemometer, Knots
What weather instrument measure Air Pressure, and what are the units it is measured in
Barometer, mb - millibars
What weather instrument measure Cloud Cover, and what are the units it is measured in
The naked eye, Oktas 1/8ths
What weather instrument measure Visiblity, and what are the units it is measured in
The naked eye, meters/feet of visibility
What are the 4 sources of data for meteorologists to create a weather forecast
Weather Ballons
Weather Buoys
Ship Stations
Satellites
What are the 4 factors that affect Climate
Prevailing Winds
Latitude
Altitude
Distance From Sea
What direction do the Prevailing Winds come from in the U.K
Sw - mild but damp climate
How does Latitude affect Climate
The closer you are to the Equator the warmer it is due to suns rays having to travel less to reach earth
How does Altitude effect Climate
Temp decreases by approx 1oC every 100m
How does Distance from the Sea effect Climate
Water absorbs light and releases it slowly leading to a small temp range
What is an Air Mass
It is a large body of air with similar temp & moisture characteristics
What are the moisture properties of a Maritime air mass
Moisture filled due to it forming over a body of water
What are the moisture properties of a Continental air mass
Dry because it formed over land
How does Low Pressure effect clouds
It pushes water vapour upwards and leads to clouds forming
How does High Pressure effect clouds
It pushes down on water vapour pushes it out of the way and stopping clouds from forming
What is an Anticyclone
An area of high pressure
How can we tell the difference between a Depression and an Anticyclone
A Depression has front on it but an Anticyclone does not
What does High Pressure give us in Winter
Clear skies
Very low temp
Calm or light winds
What does High Pressure give us in Summer
Clear skies
High temp
Calm or light winds
