1- Cells Flashcards
(23 cards)
name all life processes
MRS GREN!
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition
what are the three parts of an animal cell?
nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm
name the 6 parts of a plant cell
cell wall cell membrane cytoplasm chloroplasts vacuole nucleus
function of nucleus
carries genetic info and controls what happens inside the cell
function of cytoplasm
substance where chemical reactions happens
function of vacuole
contains a liquid called cell sap which keeps the cell firm - cell sap is a weal solution of sugar and salts
function of cell membrane
controls what passes in an out of the cell
function of cell wall
made of cellulose which gives the cell it’s shape and protects it
why do yeast cells need to absorb sugar?
because they have no chloroplasts they are incapable of photosynthesising.
what is a tissue?
a living structure of a group of cells with the same function and structure, which work together to complete a particular job
what is an organ?
an organ is a group of similar tissues which work on similar jobs
what is an organ system?
a group of organs working together on similar jobs
how is a palisade cell designed for photosynthesis?
- large surface area
- packed with chloroplasts which contain the green pigment chlorophyll
how is a root hair cell designed for absorbing?
- the long root hair cell increases the surface area of the root
- a very thin cell wall
how is a nerve cell adapted to do its job?
- long
- connections at each end
- can carry electrical signals
what is a unicellular organism?
a living thing that is just one cell, such as:
- bacteria
- protozoa
- unicellular fungi
why do some bacteria have a flagellum?
it is a tail-like part of the cell that can spin, moving the cell along
how is a protozoa adapted to do it’s job?
- it produces pseudopodia (false feet) that let it move about
- its pseudopodia can surround food and take it inside the cell
- contractile vacuoles appear inside the cell and merge with the surface to remove waste
how does yeast reproduce?
by producing a bud. the bud grows until it is large enough to split from the parent cell as a new yeast cell
what do cells need in order to photosynthesise?
- carbon dioxide
- water
- light
what are some adaptations leaves have?
- thin (provides a short distance for carbon dioxide to move by diffusion into the leaf)
- contains chlorophyll: absorbs light
- stomata: allows carbon dioxide to move by diffusion into the leaf
- guard cells: to open and close the stomata depending on the conditions
- network of tubes (xylem and phloem): to transport water and food
how is a sperm cell designed to fertilise eggs?
- a sperm cell is very small and jas a little tail which provides movement
- its head contains enzymes which allow it to digest it’s way through an egg membrane, so the two nuclei can join
- it contains chromosomes in the nucleus -these carry genetic information from the father, which will be passed on to the offspring
how is an ovum designed to be fertilised?
an ovum is large and bulky because no active movement is needed
it contains yolk which provides a large food store needed for the developing young organism, once it’s fertilised
it contains chromosomes which carry genetic information from the mother - this will be passed on to the offspring
