1: Cell Physiology Flashcards
Common shared features of cells
size, shape, and structure
functional unit of the body
organ
feature of a prokaryote
lacks nucleus and some organelles
feature of a eukaryote
nucleus separated by nuclear membrane
composition of cilia
tubular proteins
what allows cilia or flagella to move, bend
sliding of microtubules
give two examples where cilia is found
upper respiratory tract (to trap and remove dust, mucus, and secretions)
fallopian tube (to assist the egg through the oviduct) and epididymis in males
living components of the cell
organelles
identify the similarities in eukaryotes and prokaryotes
see module
identify the differences
see module
list the nonmembrane-bound organelles (4)
ribosomes, microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
list the membrane-bound organelles (6)
nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, perixosomes, and golgi apparatus
two components of the cell
cytoplasm and nucleus
information and administrative center of the cell
nucleus
gelatinous solution containing the organelles
cytoplasm
the fluid part of the cytoplasm
cytosol
refers to substances that make up the cell
protoplasm
composition of the cell
70-85% water
10-20% protein
1-2% carbohydrates
water
70-85% of the inner cell mass
principal fluid medium of the cell
functions of water (5)
- solvent for ions and macromolecules
- as chemical reactant (hyrdrolysis)
- medium for transport (blood, bile, urine, milk)
- as lubricant in joints
- regulates body temperature
inorganic substances needed for cellular reactions
electrolytes
most important electrolytes in the cell (8)
K, Cl, Ca, PO4, Mg, HCO3, Na, SO4
two types of proteins in the cell according to structure
structural protein -linear proteins like cytoskeleton proteins (microtubule, microfilaments, intermediate filaments)
globular protein - like enzymes
structural proteins diagram
see module