1. cell biology .1 intro to cells Flashcards
cell differentiation
the process by which unspecialized/less specialized cells acquire specialized structures/functions
when an unspecialized stem cell changes/carries out a specific function. the expression of different genes forms different cell types!
emergent properties
a complete system has properties and can do more than its individual cells, parts because of the interaction between the different parts
genome
complete set of genes, chromosomes, or genetic material present in a cell/organism
cell theory?
- cells are the basic unit of life
- all cells come from pre-existing cells
- all living organisms are composed of cells
atypical cells?
giant algae (large single celled organism), stiriated muscle fibers (multiple nuclei), and asepate fungal hyphae (no distinct individual cells)
what does giant algae challenge
unicellular organisms are usually small and larger organisms are usually composed of many cells
what do stiriated muscle fibres challenge
Cells function as autonomous units and usually only have one nucleus
what do aseptate fungal hyphae challenge?
living things are usually composed of discrete individual cells
magnification from scale bar steps?
specimen size using scale bar steps?
specimen size using magnification steps?
stem cell treatment for stardgarts disease
embryonic stem cells are inserted into the retina and then they atttach to the retina and become functional
stem cell treatment for leukemia
its high levels of abnormal white blood cells so HSCs (hematopoetic stem cells) are harvested from peripheral blood, umbillical cord blood or bone marrow and then a patient undergoes chemotherapy and radiotherapy to try and get rid of diseased white blood cells and then the HSCs are injected into the bone marrow where they differentiate and form new healthy white blood cells.
