1. Care of the newborn

Question 1

Circulatory and pulmonary changes continue for up to _ weeks post birth

Answer 1

6

Question 2

Each degree below __ increases mortality rates by ___

Answer 2

36.5 degrees, 28%

Question 3

Ensure thermoregulation by:

Answer 3

Heating ambulance, heating home, closing doors and windows, drying baby, wearing hat, wrap in towels. Keep checking temperature.

Question 4

Normal newborn baby temperature is

Answer 4

36.5 to 37.5 degrees c

Question 5

A cold baby has increased oxygen consumption and is at risk of __ and __

Answer 5

Hypoglycaemia and acidosis

Question 6

Perinatal hypoxia can occur due to (4)

Answer 6

Cord compression, cordmprolapse, significant placenta, or umbilical bleeding

Question 7

Thick meconium may indicate

Answer 7

Perinatal hypoxia

Question 8

Severe perinatal hypoxia has a poor prognosis and can be linked to (2)

Answer 8

Neurological deficit and cerebral palsy

Question 9

Keeping baby warm reduces metabolic stress and energy use to help maintain ___

Answer 9

Blood sugar

Question 10

__ is an ideal energy source and can be encouraged if baby and mum are well

Answer 10

Breast milk

Question 11

In a newborn, hypoglycaemia can be treated with __ not __ because __

Answer 11

Oral gel, IM glucagon, babies have immature livers with limited stores.

Question 12

T/F: hypoglycaemic babies are often asymptomatic

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Hypoglycaemia is a risk in:

Answer 13

Preterm, small for gestation, <2.5kg, in need of NLS, diabetic mothers, mothers using beta blockers, perinatal hypoxia, hypothermia, septic

Question 14

Jaundice can be _ or _ but we are unable to measure _ levels pre hospitally.

Answer 14

Physiological, pathological, bilirubin

Question 15

Babies at risk of pathological jaundice include:

Answer 15

<38weeks, siblings with neonatal jaundice, caesarean birth with bruising, diabetic mother.

Question 17

Urgent investigation for jaundiced babies with:

Answer 17

</=24hrs old, lethargic, chalky stool, dark urine, risk factors for pathological jaundice, showing signs of being unwell, jaundice at 14 days old

Question 18

Preterm birth is defined at under _ weeks gestation.

Answer 18

37

Question 19

Under _ weeks, it’s likely that spontaneous breathing will be inadequate due to immature lungs.

Answer 19

32

Question 20

Survival focused care is for babies:

Answer 20

Born above 22 weeks / year unknown gestation,

Question 21

Signs of life after birth include at least 1 of these 4

Answer 21

Easily visible heartbeat though chest wall / visible cord pulsation / breathing or sustained gasps / definite movement of limbs.

Question 22

Comfort care is for babies:

Answer 22

Born before 22 weeks

Question 23

Newborn colour: (Range, measure)

Answer 23

Pink, centrally perfused mucous membranes.
Colour can be different for a couple minutes but should rapidly perfuse.

Question 24

Newborn tone:

Answer 24

Flexed.
Floppy babies require urgent attention.

Question 25

Newborn resp rate.

Answer 25

40-60 breaths per minute.
Count for full minute. Abdo breathing is normal.
Observe for increased WOB ie grunting, intercostal recession, nasal flaring.

Question 26

Newborn heart rate.

Answer 26

100-160bpm.
Listen with a stethoscope for one minute.

Question 27

Newborn temperature.

Answer 27

36.5-37.5.
Maintain throughout assessment and transport.