1. Bones Flashcards
What are the 3 bones of Coxal bone?
the ilium, ischium, and pubis
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Lateral View
Identify 1 → 2
- Posterior superior iliac spine
- Posterior inferior iliac spine
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Lateral View
Identify 3 → 4
- Greater sciatic notch
- Body of ilium
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Lateral View
Identify 5 - 6
- Body of ischium
- Ischial tuberosity
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Lateral View
Identify 7 → 9
- Pubic tubercle
- Acetabulum
- Iliac crest
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Lateral View
The fused hip bone articulates with ___ and _
the femur (thigh bone) and with the vertebral column (spine).
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Medial View
Identify 1 → 2
- Ala of ilium (iliac fossa)
- Arcuate line
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Medial View
Identify 3 - 4
- Pecten pubis (pectineal line)
- Symphyseal surface
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Medial View
Identify 5 - 8
- Ramus of ischium
- Ischial tuberosity
- Lesser sciatic notch
- Ischial spine
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Medial View
Identify 9 - 10
- Articular surface (for sacrum)
- Iliac tuberosity
Hip (Coxal) Bone: Medial View
What is the pubic symphysis?
the 2 pubic bones articulate with one another
→ have a fibrocartilage disc that separates these 2 bone
Identify 1 → 3
- Lunate (articular) surface of acetabulum
- Articular cartilage
- Head of femur
Identify 4
- Ligament of head of femur (cut)
Identify 5 - 6
- Lesser trochanter of femur
- Ischial tuberosity
Identify 7 - 9
- Transverse acetabular ligament
- Obturator membrane
- Acetabular labrum (fibrocartilaginous)
What type of joint is the hip joint? Articulations?
The hip joint is a multiaxial ball-and-socket synovial joint between the acetabulum and the head of the femur. T
Which movement does the hip participate in?
The hip participates in abduction and adduction, flexion and extension, and rotation and circumduction.
Blood is supplied to the hip by ____
- branches of the medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries
- the gluteal arteries
- the obturator artery.
Identify
- Iliofemoral ligament (Y ligament of Bigelow)
- Iliopectineal bursa
- Pubofemoral ligament
Identify 4 - 5
- Iliofemoral ligament
- Ischiofemoral ligament
Identify 6 - 8
- Ischial spine
- Ischial tuberosity
- Lesser trochanter of femur
Which bone is this?
Femur
Identify 1 - 4
- Greater trochanter
- Body (shaft)
- Lateral epicondyle
- Lateral condyle
Identify 5 - 7
- Medial condyle
6/ Medial epicondyle
7/ Adductor tubercle
Identify 8 - 12
- Linea aspera (Medial lip; Lateral lip)
- Lesser trochanter
- Intertrochanteric crest
- Neck
- Head
The greater trochanter is the point of the hip and an attachment site for ___
several of the gluteal muscles (abductors of the thigh at the hip).
The lesser trochanter is an attachment site for ___
the iliopsoas tendon, a strong flexor of the thigh at the hip.
identify 3 & 6
- Fibula
- Tibia
identify 1 - 4
- Lateral condyle
- Apex, Head, and Neck of fibula
- Fibula
- Lateral malleolus
identify 5 - 7
- Medial malleolus
- Tibia
- Tibial tuberosity
identify 8 - 10
- Medial condyle
- Superior articular surfaces (medial and lateral facets)
- Malleolar fossa of lateral malleolus
The tibia articulates with ___
the condyles of the femur
The tibial tuberosity is the insertion site for ___
the patellar ligament.
Type of joint and actions of The proximal tibiofibular joint
a plane synovial joint that permits limited gliding movement
Type of joint and actions of The distal tibiofibular joint
fibrous joint (syndesmosis), which allows almost no movement.
Identify 1
- Anterior cruciate ligament
Identify 2 → 3
- Popliteus tendon
- Fibular collateral ligament
Identify 4 - 5
- Lateral meniscus
- Transverse ligament of knee
Identify 6
6/ Tibial collateral ligament
Identify 7
- Lateral meniscus
Identify 8 - 9
- Anterior cruciate ligament
- Posterior cruciate ligament
Identify 10
- Posterior cruciate ligament
2 joints you can find at the knee joint
- a biaxial condylar synovial joint between the condyles of the femur and tibia
- a saddle joint between the femur and patella.
Movement of the knee
flexion and extension
Most of the blood supply to the knee is from _____
genicular branches of the popliteal artery.
The posterior cruciate ligament is ___ and ____ than the anterior cruciate;
shorter and stronger
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 1
- Lateral meniscus
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 2
- Iliotibial tract blended into capsule
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 3
- Patellar ligament (tendon)
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 4 - 6
- Anterior cruciate ligament
- Synovial membrane
- Medial meniscus
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 7 - 8
- Oblique popliteal ligament
- Semimembranosus tendon
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 9
- Posterior cruciate ligament
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
→ Identify 10 - 11
- Popliteus tendon
- Fibular collateral ligament
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
Intracapsular ligaments include ____
the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, medial and lateral menisci, and transverse ligament.
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
Extracapsular ligaments include ____
the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, patellar ligament, and arcuate and oblique popliteal ligaments.
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
Of the 2 cruciate ligaments, ____ is the weaker and is most taut when the knee is fully extended, preventing hyperextension.
the anterior
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
Which ligament tightens most during flexion of the knee, preventing excessive anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia or excessive posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur?
The posterior cruciate
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
_____ limits extension and abduction of the leg and is attached to the medial meniscus.
The tibial collateral ligament
Knee: Interior (Superior View)
____ limits extension and adduction of the leg.
The fibular collateral ligament
Bones of Foot
Identify 1 - 2
- Talus (Head; Trochlea)
- Calcaneus (Body; Tuberosity)
Bones of Foot
Identify 3 - 4
- Cuboid bone
- Navicular bone
Bones of Foot
Identify 5 - 7
5 Cuneiform bones
6 Sesamoid bone
7 Calcaneus (Tuberosity; Sustentaculum tali)
Bones of Foot
Identify 8 → 10
- Phalangeal bones
- Metatarsal bones
- Navicular bone
Bones of Foot
The bones of the foot include the ____, of which only the talus articulates with the leg bones.
7 tarsal bones
Bones of Foot
The bones of the foot include the 7 tarsal bones, of which only ____ articulates with the leg bones.
the talus
Bones of Foot
The trochlea of the talus (ankle bone) articulates with ___ and ____
the tibia and fibula
Bones of Foot
the head of the talus articulates with ___
the navicular bone.
Bones of Foot
The calcaneus (heel bone) articulates with (1)_____ superiorly and (2)____ anteriorly.
- the talus
- the cuboid
Movement of knee joint? Axis?
a pivot-hinge joint with 2 principal axes
a) transverse axis: flexion and extension
b) longitudinal axis: (only in flected position!!!) medial and lateral rotation
Type of the ankle joint? Movements?
The ankle (talocrural) joint is a hinge-type (ginglymus) uniaxial synovial joint between the tibia and fibula and the trochlea of the talus.
→ This joint permits dorsiflexion (extension) and plantarflexion
Type of the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint? Movements?
the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint is a plane synovial joint between the talus and calcaneus.
→ It permits inversion and eversion of the foot.
Type of the talocalcaneonavicular joint? Movements?
The talocalcaneonavicular joint is a partial ball-and-socket synovial joint between the head of the talus and the calcaneus and navicular bones (along with the calcaneocuboid joint it forms the transverse tarsal joint).
→ gliding and rotational movements of the foot.
