1 Body Fluids & Cell Phys Flashcards
Distinctions are made based on WHERE energy is expended.
Primary: ____ is used to directly move solutes (pumps and ATPases)
Secondary: gradient set up by _____ transport to move solutes.
Tertiary: uses cargo brought in by secondary
ATP
Primary
Is a capillary membrane selective? Are there any proteins in interstitial fluid?
NO
NO
What is the comparison of two guilds separated by a semi-permeable membrane with respect to the bathing solution?
What’s it called when inside of the cell has more dissolved solute (water rushes in, cells burst)?
When it’s dissolved solutes are equal, no net H2O movement?
When there is less solute inside, water rushes out, cells shrivel?
Tonicity
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
What’s the movement of solutes from area of higher concentration to lower? Random, faster with temp and concentration gradient
What takes place when a carrier binds to and moves specific non permeable solutes across the membrane?
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
What happens to the rate of sodium through a channel if the concentration gradient of sodium was increased by 100%?
Rate would be doubled
ICF or intracellular fluids are / of total body weight. Fluid inside ALL cells and required for metabolic rxns to occur.
2/3 of TBW
ICF is comprised mostly of what two things?
What two things comprise ECF?
Potassium and proteins
Sodium and chloride
ECF is / your total body weight and is fluid OUTSIDE of cells. Divided in two by the capillary wall into ___________ fluid which is around cells (2/3 of ECF) and into ______. Which is the fluid portion of the blood, 1/4 of ECF.
1/3 TBW
Interstitial Fluid
Plasma
What does the membrane use to help things that need to move? (2 things)
Use channels to move along gradient
Can use transport proteins to go with OR against gradient
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
Difference between positive & negative feedback? Examples
Are steady state and homeostasis synonymous?
Inputs change and produce error but outputs remain normal.
Positive: output SAME as initial charge, very rare. Leads to an EVENT. Ovulation is an example
Negative: output REDUCES initial error (very common)
Yes, steady state=homeostasis
Which has more Cl- content, ICF or ECF?
Na+?
K+?
ICF: more K+
ECF: more Cl- and Na+
Active transport requires energy, uses ___ and ALWAYS moves a solute _____its gradient.
What type of transport goes the same direction? Opposite?
ATP; AGAINST
Symport
Antiport
Would the movement of potassium via the Na-K ATPase exhibit a transport maximum? What about movement of CO2 outside of the tissues?
YES
Nooo
Basis for communication is dependent on the _+ gradient.
Proper absorption of nutrients in dependent in the __+ gradient
Movement of muscles requires movement of ___+
K+
Na+
Ca2+
The principle of _________ is never complete as long as error signal exists. Full __________ is bodies best response. Compensatory mechanisms breakdown or initiate changes that lead to pathology and disease.
_______ state: inputs change and produce error but outputs remain normal. Requires energy INPUT
_________: stable over time and requires NO energy
Compensation. Compensation
Steady state
Equilibrium
