1 - Behaviour management techniques Flashcards
What are the 2 broad categories of behaviour management?
- pharmacological
- non-pharmacological
What are the different pharmacological options for behavioural management?
- LA techniques
- pre-medication
- inhalation sedation
- intravenous sedation
- GA
4 stages of cooperativeness
- pre cooperative
- children who lacks cooperative ability
- potentially cooperative
- cooperative
What drug is used in inhalation sedation?
Nitrous oxide
What drugs are used in intravenous sedation?
- propofol
- midazolam
What is the aim of behaviour management?
To instil a positive attitude towards going to the dentist and engaging in dental treatment
communication component
- 55% body language
- 38% voice, tone
- 7% words
What can be beneficial when talking with 1-3 year olds?
Choice of two
What can be beneficial when talking with 3 year olds?
- praise for adhering to your request
- distractions to capture their attention
What can be beneficial when talking with 4-5 year olds?
- encourage them to take responsibility for sitting in chair
- labelled praise
- direct commands
What can be beneficial when talking with 8-12 year olds?
Discuss the need to engage in independence
What can be beneficial when talking with adolescents?
- be non-judgmental, non-preaching to develop better rapport
- treat as their own individual
- discuss non-dental topics
- emphasise self-dental care to maintain smile
What contributes to good communication with patients in paediatric care?
- lower yourself to their level
- use names repeatedly
- avoid dental jargon in younger ages
Define dental anxiety.
Anxiety/fear over an unknown danger
Define dental fear.
Fear of known danger
Define dental phobia.
Fear of known danger, more amplified than dental fear
What are some S + S of dental fear and anxiety?
- breathlessness, perspiration, palpitations
- interferes with concentration, catastrophising
- avoidance of treatment/appointments, aggression, escape
What are factors that affect child and adolescent dental anxiety?
- PMH
- PDH
- SH factors
- parental anxiety
- parenting style
- parental presence
- child awareness of dental problem
- behaviour of dental staff
- child temperament
How is dental anxiety and fear measured?
- MCDASf
- modified child dental anxiety scale - faces
examples of non-pharm BMT
- acclimitization
- role modelling
- tell show do
- enhanced control
- voice control
- positive reinforcement
- distraction
What is modelling?
- role modelling to demonstrate to child that the dentist isn’t scary
- works well with a sibling of a similar age
- can use dentist, nurse, parent or cuddly toy
How does voice control affect behaviour management?
- young children respond well to tone
- improves compliance
- use a “school teacher voice”
What are examples of distraction techniques?
- music
- ceiling projectors
- video glasses
What is an example of positive reinforcement used in dentistry?
- dental passports
- stickers
- verbal praise
What is enhanced control?
- allows patient a degree of control over your actions
- rest signals
- “sometimes I won’t be able to stop”
- structured and timed treatment
- “where would you like to start”
- “this or that”
How does tell-show-do work?
- tell, explain the procedure using age appropriate language
- show the demo (can be modelling)
- do, perform the procedure without delay
