1. Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table Flashcards
How do you work out the mass number?
number of neutrons + number of protons
What happens when you get more electrons?
You get more shells
How do you work out the atomic number?
Number of protons = number of electrons
How do you work out the number of neutrons?
Mass number - Atomic Number
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
What is the radius of an atom?
1x10m to the -10
What is the electronic configuration?
1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 8 electrons
4th shell - 8 electrons
What does the number of shells determine/equal?
Period number
What does number of outer electrons determine/equal?
Group number
Why are noble gases unreactive?
Because they have a full outer shell
Can noble gases form compounds?
No, they are unreactive
What is a compound?
1 or more different types of atom that are chemically bonded
What is an atom?
The smallest part of any substance
What is an element?
A substance that contains one type of atom
What is a molecule?
Contains 2 or more atoms joined together that are either the same or different
What is a mixture?
A substance that is made of 2 or more substances (elements or compounds) that haven’t been chemically combined.
What is an ionic compound?
a compound that contains metal and non-metal atoms
What is a covalent compound?
a compound that contains only non metals
What are examples of sub-atomic particles?
Proton Neutron Electron Nucleus Shell (energy level)
What was the plum pudding theory?
The atom was imagined as a sphere of positive charge (pudding) with negatively charged electrons dotted around inside (plums)
What state are noble gases as room temperature?
they’re colourless gases
What is the pattern of boiling point in noble gases?
The boiling point increases down the group
What does fizz show when an alkaline metal has reacted?
A gas has been given off
Equation for when an alkaline metal reacts with oxygen?
metal + oxygen -> metal oxide