1-Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is the relative mass and charge of a proton

Answer 1

Mass=1

Charge=+1

Question 2

What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron

Answer 2

Relative mass=1

Charge=0

Question 3

What is the charge and relative mass of an electron

Answer 3

Mass=1/2000 can be taken as 0

Charge= -1

Question 4

What does the atomic number show

Answer 4

How many protons there are

Question 5

What does the mass number show

Answer 5

The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 6

What is an element

Answer 6

A substance that only contains the same atoms

Question 7

What is an isotope

Answer 7

Different forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 8

What is a common example of isotopes

Answer 8

Carbon-12 and Carbon-13

Question 9

What is the equation for calculating relative formula mass linking to isotopes

Answer 9

Relative formula mass(Ar) = sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) / sum of abundance of all the isotope

Question 10

How can equations be balanced

Answer 10

Putting numbers in front of the formulas where needed

Question 11

What does chromatography separate

Answer 11

Dyes and inks

Question 12

Why do u use a pencil line in chromatography

Answer 12

Because it is insoluble so it won’t affect the dyes

Question 13

What is the end pattern in chromatography called

Answer 13

A chromatogram

Question 14

What does filtration separate

Answer 14

An insoluble solid and a liquid

Question 15

What are the two ways to separate a soluble salt from a solution

Answer 15

Evaporation and crystallisation

Question 16

What is simple distillation used for

Answer 16

Separating a liquid from a liquid

Question 17

What is fractional distillation used for

Answer 17

Separating out a mixture of liquids

Question 18

What are the key pieces of equipment is used in fractional distillation

Answer 18

Fractionating column, condenser

Question 19

What was John Dalton’s theory of atomic structure

Answer 19

Atoms were solid spheres that could not be separated

Question 20

What was JJ Thomson’s model of the atom called

Answer 20

The plum pudding model

Question 21

What was the plum pudding model

Answer 21

A ball of positive charge with electrons stuck in it

Question 22

What was Rutherford’s experiment called

Answer 22

The alpha particle scattering experiment

Question 23

What was the alpha particle scattering experiment

Answer 23

Alpha particles were fired at gold foil

Question 24

What happened to the alpha particles in the scattering experiment

Answer 24

Most of them went straight through, some were deflected and some came straight back

Question 25

What was concluded from the scattering experiment

Answer 25

The nuclear model was made which had a tiny positively charge nucleus in the centre with a cloud of electrons around it

Question 26

What did Neils Bohr suggest about the structure of the atom

Answer 26

The electrons orbited the nucleus in shells at fixed distances

Question 27

What did James Chadwick’s experiment prove the existence of

Answer 27

Neutrons

Question 28

How many electrons can there be in the first 4 shells

Answer 28

2 8 8 2

Question 29

How did Mendeleev order his period table

Answer 29

Mainly in order of atomic mass but did switch some so that the properties were similar

Question 30

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps

Answer 30

So that elements with similar properties stayed in groups

Question 31

What r the properties of metals

Answer 31

Strong, malleable, good conductors, High b.p and m.p

Question 32

What r the properties of non-metals

Answer 32

Brittle, dull looking, don’t generally conduct, low b.p and m.p

Question 33

What r the properties of transition metals

Answer 33

Very dense, strong and shiny. Good conductors Can have more than one ion. Often coloured. Catalysts

Question 34

What r the trends of group one metals as u go down the periods

Answer 34

Increasing reactivity Lower melting and boiling points Higher relative atomic mass

Question 35

Why do group 1 elements get more reactive as u go down

Answer 35

Because the outer electron gets further away from the nucleus and the attraction decreases so it is more easily lost

Question 36

What do group 1 metals react with water to produce

Answer 36

Hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides

Question 37

What do group 1 metals produce when they react with chlorine

Answer 37

Chlorine gas and white metal chloride salts

Question 38

What do group 1 metals produce when they react with oxygen

Answer 38

A metal oxide

Question 39

What r the trends of group 7 elements as go down the periods

Answer 39

Less reactive Higher melting and boiling points Higher relative atomic mass

Question 40

What are the acronyms for metals and non metals gaining and losing electrons

Answer 40

MALE | NAGE

Question 41

Why don’t group 0 elements react

Answer 41

Because the have a full outer shell and are already stable