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Cardiovascular System > 1. Anatomy of the cardiovascular system > Flashcards

1. Anatomy of the cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Superior

A

Up

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2
Q

Inferior

A

Down

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3
Q

Anterior

A

Infront

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4
Q

Posterior

A

Behind

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5
Q

Medial

A

Towards middle of body

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Towards the outside

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7
Q

Coronal plane

A

Horizontal plane through body either side

Like putting a crown on

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8
Q

Median plane

A

Through middle

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9
Q

Parasagittal

A

Vertical anterior to posterior slice, not on mid line

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10
Q

Transverse

A

Horizontal

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11
Q

Endocardium

A

1 cell thick layer

Interface between heart and blood

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12
Q

Myocardium

A

Thick layer of cardiac muscle cells

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13
Q

Visceral pericardium

A

(Epicardium) layer of serous tissue between the myocardium and pericardial space

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14
Q

Parietal pericardium

A

Layer of serous tissues lining fibrous pericardium and facing pericardial space

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15
Q

Fibrous pericardium

A

Connective tissue to protect heart and hold its position

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16
Q

Layers of the heart wall

A 
Endocardium
Myocardium
Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium 
Fibrous pericardium
17
Q

Which is the only bicuspid valve in the heart?

A

Mitral

18
Q

Describe the structure of blood vessels

A

Tunica externa: collagen- protection and structure
Tunica media: smooth muscle, elastic tissue, collagen
Lamina: elastic layers, border between layers
Tunica intima: inside, vascular endothelium, basement supporting matrix

19
Q

Artery

A

Conduit vessels

Carry blood away from heart

20
Q

Arteriole

A

Resistance vessels

Control flow into copious numbers of capillary beds

21
Q

Capillary

A

Exchange vessels

Responsible for gas exchange, absorption and secretion

22
Q

Vein

A

Capacitance vessels

Contain majority of blood at any given time

23
Q

3 main coronary arteries

A

Right: right cusp to right of heart
Left anterior descending: left front, coming down
Left circumflex: around

24
Q

What is the other coronary artery?

A

Right conus artery

Sometimes arises from right coronary artery

25
Q

How are coronary arteries positioned?

A

To perfuse different parts of the myocardium

26
Q

Where do coronary veins drain?

A

Into the coronary sinus and into the right atrium

27
Q

3 main branches of aortic arch

A

Brachiocephalic trunk (splits into Axillary and Carotid)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian artery

28
Q

Where is the heart located?

A

In the mediastinum

Centre-left of thorax

29
Q

What are the 2 main layers of the pericardium?

A

Fibrous: protection and structural support
Serous: secretory, provide lubrication between heart and fibrous membrane

Cardiovascular System (16 decks)

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