1 A Brief History Of Endocrinology Flashcards
Q: What is an endocrine gland?
A: group of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
Q: Define endocrinology.
A: study of hormones and their secretions (in circulation)
Q: What is a hormone? What is it not?
A: biologically active messenger molecule secreted by an endocrine gland into the blood (not a simple metabolite or energy substrate)
Q: What does paracrine mean?
A: relates to hormone action on nearby target cells (within immediate area around source)
Q: What does endocrine me?
A: relates to hormone action on target cells at a distant site from source
Q: What does autocrine mean?
A: relates to hormone having an effect on its own immediate source
Q: How does the nervous and endocrine system differ in terms of chemical type released?
A: nervous- neurotransmitter, endocrine- hormone
Q: How does the nervous and endocrine system differ in terms of what the chemicals are secreted into?
A: nervous- synapse, endocrine- bloodstream
Q: How does the nervous and endocrine system differ in terms of target cells?
A: nervous- effect= restricted to those target cells actually innervated, endocrine- effect can be on many target cells spread throughout the body
Q: Name 7 ‘classic’ endocrine glands.
A: pituitary, parathyroid, thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, gastrointestinal tract, gonads
Q: What is the pituitary gland known as?
A: master gland
Q: Where are the parathyroids in relationship to the thyroids?
A: behind
