1/9 CLASS Flashcards
what are two examples of particularly dangerous bacteria
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
clostridium difficile
what are microbes
living creatures
how are viruses different from other microbes?
noncellular so not living; alive in somme ways but don’t fit the definition (living things metabolize food, grow, reproduce)
what are four things microbes have
proteins, sugars, nucleic acids, lipids
do microbes have greater diversity than animals and plants
yes, and sometimes not too small to be seen with the eye
what microbes are visible
multicellular (like fungi) and microbial (like biofilms)
what are the six major groups of microbes
viruses (acellular), bacteria, archaea, Protozoa, fungi, algae
what are the prokaryote microbes
bacteria and archaea
what are the eukaryote microbes
protozoa, fungi, algae
convert from micrometer to millimeter
1 millimeter = 1000 micrometers
convert from nano meter to micrometer
1 micro = 1000 nano
why is it important to know the sizes of different microbes
many sterilization protocols use filtration to remove pathogenic microbes from liquids, medical solutions, etc
how does amount of mask layers impact effectiveness
more layers of fiber, high ability to stop very small particle
why are microbial species difficult to classify - three reasons
difficult to distinguish by shape, often reproduce asexually + pass DNA without reproduction
why do bacteria reproduce asexually and how does that impact classification
bacteria are haploid and don’t engage in sexual reproduction, so species definition cannot be based on ability to interbreed
whats horizontal transfer of DNA
passing it without reproduction
how are biochemical properties used to classify microbes
gram stain; ability to metabolize diff substances
how is DNA used to classify microbes
bacterial genomes small, and many of have been sequences; all ‘cellular’ organisms have double-stranded DNA
are viruses cells
no
do bacteria have a nucelus
no, they’re prokaryotes; DNA is in cytoplasm
what kind of cell walls do bacteria have
peptidoglycann
what do bacteria use for energy
organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, photosynthesis
whats used to classify bacteria
immunoassays and biochem properties (gram stain) and DNA sequences
what are immunoassays
binding of test. antibodies to different strains to deter diff strains
