1. 토익 연습문제 문장의 종류와 성분

Question 1

The ——- of the new ambassador to Portugal was confirmed by the committee on Monday.

1) appoint
2) appoints
3) appointed
4) appointment

Answer 1

4.

Question 2

It is usually most effective ------- a meeting agenda
to the attendees in advance.
1) circulate
2) circulating
3) circulates
4) to circulate

Answer 2

4. It은 가주어. 진짜 주어가 나와야 하는데, 진주어는 to 부정사나 that절을 사용하는 것을 원칙으로 함! 따라서 to circulate가 정답이다.

Question 3

When shows are sold out, theater policy is to start
a waiting list and call customers if there are ——-.
1) canceled
2) cancellations
3) cancels
4) canceling

Answer 3

2. there are 이므로 복수명사가 와야함. cancellations 가 명사형. 그리고 명사원형 > 동명사 이다.

Question 4

Tara Kwon will ------- the results of the cafeteria
survey via e-mail.
1) share
2) shares
3) sharing
4) shared

Answer 4

1.

Question 5

Please ------- the enclosed survey and return it to
our office as soon as possible.
1) to complete
2) complete
3) completing
4) completed

Answer 5

2.

Question 6

Discounts from manufacturers can significantly

• —— the cost of a new car
  1) reduce
  2) reduced
  3) reduction
  4) reducing

Answer 6

1.

Question 7

Revenue has fluctuated over the last two
quarters, so it was a surprise ------- that
expenses have nevertheless remained fairly
steady.
1) learned
2) to learn
3) learns
4) is learning

Answer 7

2.

Question 8

Dr. Sato has indicated that there may soon be
an ——- for an apprentice technician in the
chemical-production laboratory.
1) open
2) opened
3) openly
4) opening

Answer 8

4.

Question 9

After ------- finished reviewing the data,
Mr. Tafferty made some recommendations
for improvement.
1) him
2) his
3) he
4) himself

Answer 9

3.

Question 10

The financial review board has stated that no
budget proposal may ------- ten pages.
1) excessive
2) excess
3) exceeding
4) exceed

Answer 10

4.

Question 11

In ——- of its hard work on the fashion show,
Ms. McFadden sent a fruit basket to the advertising
department.
1) appreciate
2) apperciating
3) appreciation
4) appreciated

Answer 11

3.

Question 12

The Internet has made ——- easier for vehicle buyers
to search for banks that offer the best loans.
1) they
2) what
3) it
4) us

Answer 12

3.

Question 13

Critics of the recent movie with Michelle Zhao have
called the plot too -------.
1) predicting
2) predicted
3) predictable
4) predictably

Answer 13

3.

Question 14

The menu at Minara Café changes weekly ——-
on the availability of seasonal ingredients.
1) depend
2) depends
3) depended
4) depending

Answer 14

4. changes 동사가 나와있으므로 동사는 사용불가.

depend는 자동사이므로 depended는 사용불가.

Question 15

Food prices have remained ——- in the region
despite lower harvests in some nearby growing
areas.
1) stably
2) stability
3) stable
4) stabilization

Answer 15

3. remain은 주격보어가 필요한 동사. (여전히 ~ 이다.), 명사와 형용사 형태가 올 수 있음. 해석 상 형용사가 오는 것이 적절.
   I’m happy - happy가 보어(형용사)
   I’m a boy - boy가 보어(명사)

Question 16

Proviac, Inc.’s business software can help make
your sales presentations more -------.
1) succeed
2) success
3) successful
4) successfully

Answer 16

3.

Question 17

The city has experienced an unusually large
amount of rainfall this year, ——- it difficult for
road projects to be completed on time.
1) made
2) make
3) makes
4) making

Answer 17

4. 두 개의 병렬사건이나 종속사건을 열거하는 부대상황(동시상황)을 표시하는 분사구문으로 문법적으로는 부사적인 용법. 동사가 나왔으므로 make, makes 안 됨. 해석상 과거분사(완료,수동)가 아님. 현재분사(진행,능동)이 와야 맞음.

Question 18

Most government and commercial
establishments will be closed on Monday in
------- of Independence Day.
1) observe
2) observing
3) observance
4) observant

Answer 18

3. in observance of : ~를 기념하여
   * observe는 타동사! 목적어 필요!
   * observant : adj. 관찰력이 있는 / (법령/관습) 준수하는
   * of 가 없었으면 observant/observing Independence Day가 가능

Question 19

The program for the Bremont Financial
anniversary celebration features a ------- of
quotations from the founders.
1) select
2) selects
3) selected
4) selection

Answer 19

4.

Question 20

Local manufacturers have been ------- to hire
additional employees until productivity
improves.
1) hesitate
2) hesitation
3) hesitated
4) hesitant

Answer 20

4. have been은 be동사의 현재완료 “형태”일 뿐 어려워 하지 말자! (쉽게 be동사로 생각하고 보자!)
   * have been을 be동사로 보고 난다면 be동사 뒤에는 명사나 형용사가 온다는 것을 알 수 있다 (하지만 have been pp의 수동태의 가능성도 있으니 이것도 염두!)
   * 하지만 hesitate는 상태 동사로 수동태를 사용하지 않는 동사이다 (망설임 당하다? 이상해!)
   * 명사가 오려면 주어와 동격이어야 하는데 manufacturers(제조업체)와 hesitation(주저, 망설임)이 동격이라면 제조업체는 망설임이다 인데 말이 되지 않는다
   * 따라서 제조업체들은 to이하를 hesitant(adj.망설이는) 이 맞으므로 정답은 형용사이다