1 Flashcards
joist
One of a series of small, closely spaced beams used to support floor, ceiling, or roof loads.
statically indeterminate
Describing a structure whose reactions cannot be found from the equations of equilibrium only, but requires additional equations. Examples are continuous beams, fixed end beams, and most rigid frames.
reinforced brick masonry
A type of wall construction consisting of brick units, usually two tiers, with a solidly grouted space between each in which vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars are placed.
seismic separation
The separation between two adjoining buildings, or parts of the same building, to permit these adjoining elements to move independently when subject to earthquake motion. The amount of separation should be sufficient to prevent the adjoining elements from battering each other during an earthquake. Also called building separation.
single-shear
Describing a bolted joint which has one shearing plane through the bolts.
psi
An abbreviation for pounds per square inch.
wind bent
A frame used to resist lateral forces from wind.
fault
The boundary between adjacent rock plates along which movement may take place during an earthquake, such as the San Andreas fault in California.
aftershocks
Earthquakes following the occurrence of a large earthquake, or main shock. The magnitude of an aftershock is usually less than that of the main shock.
seismograph
An instrument which makes a continuous permanent record of earth motion, called a seismogram.
ca and cv
Seismic coefficients based on the building’s seismic zone factor and soil type.
open web steel joist
A shop-fabricated lightweight steel truss used to span between main members or bearing walls and support roof or floor loads.
camber
A curve built into a structural member to compensate for deflection.
pounding
The collision between two adjacent buildings which move differently during an earthquake.
drag strut
A member which collects seismic load from the diaphragm to which it is attached and delivers it to a shear resisting element. Also called a collector or strut.
yield point
The unit stress at which a material deforms with no increase in load.
stagnation pressure (qs)
The direct wind pressure on a vertical surface, in pounds per square foot.
tubular system
A structural system used in tall buildings, consisting of closely spaced columns at the perimeter connected by deep spandrel beams, which acts like a tube which cantilevers from the ground when subject to lateral wind or earthquake loads.
static lateral force procedure
A method of seismic design in which static horizontal forces which produce internal forces similar to those that would be induced by an actual earthquake motion are applied to a structure. This procedure is allowed only under certain conditions of building regularity, occupancy, and height.
bending moment
The algebraic sum of the moments of all forces that are on one side of a given cross-section of a beam.
mandrel
A solid core used in driving a shell pile into the ground. When the driving is complete, the mandrel is removed and the shell is filled with concrete.
plywood
A laminated panel of thin wood veneers, or plies, permanently bonded together with an adhesive. The grain of the adjacent plies is usually placed at right angles.
line of action
A line parallel to and aligned with a force.
modulus of elasticity (e)
Within the elastic limit, the constant ratio of the unit stress in a material to the corresponding unit strain. The modulus of elasticity of a material is a measure of its stiffness.