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Path Anatomy > 1-50 > Flashcards

1-50 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Ways of infection into the kidney in pyelonephritis:
A

Hematogenous, Urogenous & Lymphogenous

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2
Q
  1. Pyelovenous reflux is:
A

Reabsorption of urine from the islets into the veins of the medulla

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3
Q
  1. Complications of nephrolithiasis include:
A

Hydronephrosis or pyelonephritis

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4
Q
  1. Macroscopic view of kidney with polycystic kidney:
A

Grape-shaped kidney, the inside of the cyst is filled with clear liquid or colloidal substances

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5
Q
  1. Tubulorexis is:
A

Damage to the renal tubal with the rupture of wall, caused by overflow of urine

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6
Q
  1. Name the changes in the heart characteristics of uremia:
A

Left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrinous pericarditis

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7
Q
  1. Chronic tubulopathies of obstructive Genesis include:
A

Myeloma kidney and Gouty kidney

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8
Q
  1. Macroscopic characteristics of kidney in necrotic nephrosis:
A

Enlarged, swollen, loose consistency, smooth surface, pale with many red spots in the thick cortical layer, pyramids and cortical medullary shunt are full // Shock kidney

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9
Q
  1. In case of hepatorenal syndrome, in a patient with viral cirrhosis of liver, a kidney biopsy can detect:
A

Interstitial nephritis

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10
Q
  1. The morphological manifestation of kidney damage in systemic lupus erythromatosus is the development of “Lupus” glomerulonephritis, which in accordance with the modern classification is:
A

Mesangial, proliferative or diffuse-proliferative, intracapillary

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11
Q
  1. The size of kidney is reduced, the consistency is dense, the surface has a rough scarring. The capsule is difficult to remove. The cups and pelvis are deformed on the incision and there are foci of sclerosis in the stroma. Your diagnosis.
A

Secondary shriveled kidney or chronic pyelonephritis

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12
Q
  1. The kidneys enlarged, flabby. On the incision, the kidney tissue is mottled, yellow- gray areas are surrounded by a zone of fullness and hemorrhages abscesses occur. The cavities of cups and pelvis are dilated, filled with cloudy urine the mucous membrane is dull with focal hemorrhages. The capsule is easily removable. Your diagnosis.
A

Acute pyelonephritis

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13
Q
  1. Figurative name of kidney in acute glomerulonephritis.
A

Nephritic kidney or enlarged kidney

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14
Q
  1. A patient who suffered from streptococcal angina had swelling on his face in the morning after 3 weeks, urine turned the color of meat slopes and a headache was noted. What kind of disease has the patient developed?
A

Glomerulonephritis or bacterial glomerulonephritis

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15
Q
  1. Histological characteristics of extracapillary productive glomerulonephritis
A

Crescent formation

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16
Q
  1. Name acquired tubulopathies.
A

Necrotic nephrosis, Myeloma kidney, Gouty kidney

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17
Q
  1. Types of glomerulonephritis by topography.
A

Intercapillary and extracapillary

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18
Q
  1. Types of intercapillary glomerulonephritis.
A

Proliferative, exudative, mixed

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19
Q
  1. Which form of glomerulonephritis is characterized by microscopic changes sclerosis hyalenosis of capillary loops formation of adhesions in the capsule cavity, sclerosis of glomerular capsule?
A

Fibroplastic

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20
Q
  1. Type of glomerulonephritis by type of exudate.
A

Serous

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21
Q
  1. Histological examination of the kidneys shows an increase in the size of glomeruli, proliferation of epithelium of parietal leaf of capsule in the form of half-moon. The capillaries of the glomeruli are anemic. Your diagnosis.
A

Acute glomerulonephritis

22
Q
  1. A pathological process characterized by histological and functional disorders affecting mainly the tubules and interstitium.
A

Tubulo-interstitial nephritis

23
Q
  1. A type of dystrophy developing in hepatocytes in diabetes mellitus.
A

Fatty dystrophy

24
Q
  1. Manifestation of diabetic microangiopathy.
A

Arteriosclerosis-glomerulosclerosis

25
Q
  1. A disease based on adenoma of anterior pituitary gland.
A

Acromegaly or Itsenko-Cushing’s syndrome

26
Q
  1. During histological examination of thyroid tissue, diffuser lymphoid infiltration is noted. The follicles are small, filled with pale colloidal masses. Your diagnosis.
A

Hoshimoto thyroiditis

27
Q
  1. A disease based on damage to the B cells of islets of langerhans.
A

Diabetes

28
Q
  1. The type of dystrophy underlying the development of diabetic microangiopathy.
A

Lipohyalinosis

29
Q
  1. A disease based on dystrophy and necrosis of pituitary tissue, accompanied by progressive cachexia
A

Simmond’s disease

30
Q
  1. A disease based on the autoimmune destruction of the B cells of islets of langerhans.
A

Insulin dependent diabetes

31
Q
  1. A disease based on a violation of a glycogen metabolism.
A

Diabetes

32
Q
  1. Histological examination of thyroid tissue revealed a sharp expansion of a follicles of various sizes, which are filled with pale colloidal masses. The epithelium lining the follicles is flattened. Your diagnosis.
A

Colloidal stroma or goiter or thyrotoxicosis

33
Q
  1. The form of goiter in which the function of thyroid gland does not change.
A

Euthyroid

34
Q
  1. The cause of acute adrenal insufficiency.
A

Hemorrhage // bleeding and transfusion

35
Q
  1. The cause of chronic adrenal insufficiency.
A

Tuberculosis

36
Q
  1. A disease based on chronic adrenal insufficiency
A

Addison’s disease

37
Q
  1. Classification of diabetes mellitus by pathogenesis.
A

Primary and secondary

38
Q
  1. Changes in blood vessels in a diabetic macroangiopathy
A

Atherosclerosis

39
Q
  1. The form of goiter, in which there is an increase in the function of thyroid gland
A

Toxic, Basedov’s disease

40
Q
  1. A disease in which the function of thyroid gland is a sharply reduced
A

Myxedema

41
Q
  1. The patient has a diffuse increase in the size of thyroid gland during palpation, exophthalmos. Complaints: weakness, poor sleep, palpitations. Your preliminary diagnosis.
A

Grave’s disease

42
Q
  1. Morphological changes in the liver during diabetes mellitus
A

Fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes

43
Q
  1. The thyroid gland is enlarged in size, its surface is bumpy, with nodes of different sizes, the consistency is the dense, the capsule is smooth, foci of hemorrhages and sclerosis shine through it. Your preliminary diagnosis.
A

Nodular colloidal goiter

44
Q
  1. A form of goiter in which the function of the thyroid gland is reduced
A

Riedel

45
Q
  1. Clinical signs of diffuse toxic goiter
A

Exophthalmos

46
Q
  1. The thyroid gland is dense on palpation not mobile. The patient feels difficulty in swallowing. Your preliminary diagnosis.
A

Riedel diet

47
Q
  1. A condition characterized by a decrease in number of red blood cells and hemoglobin content per unit volume of blood.
A

Anemia

48
Q
  1. The type of dystrophy underlying the development of diabetic microangiopathy
A

Lipohyalinosis

49
Q
  1. Ideas that can be complicated by the development of post-emergic anemia.
A

Gastric ulcer

50
Q
  1. Which group of anemia is characterized by a triad: anemia, splenomegaly, jaundice.
A

Hemolytic anemia based on extra vascular hemolysis

Path Anatomy (2 decks)

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