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DENT 1520 > 1-5 > Flashcards

1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

Why use photography

A
  • legal documentation—court or for treatment progress/outcomes
  • communication—patient education/ dental labs

-Portfolios—educational/presentations

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2
Q

1-Implied Consent
2-Express Consent
3-Informed Consent

A

1-sufficient when getting information to provide healthcare w/in circle of care—describing oral lesion
2-be obtained when you share personal info for purposes other than health care–presentations
3-to take and use photos

  • verbally- w/ note in chart—is fine if its for documentation for patients treatment only
  • signature—when for purposes besides personal health
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3
Q

HIPAA & Photography

A
  • eyes are blocked out
  • Pixellating, but if patient is identifiable then must block out or try something else
  • Patients can revoke consent
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4
Q

When Documenting make sure…

A
  • clean mirrors
  • no fog
  • saliva free area
  • position patient, retractors, and mirrors properly
  • dont alter the photo
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5
Q

Front Surface Mirrors

A
  • avoids double image
  • reflective surface is at surface
  • non front= reflective surface is beneath glass
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6
Q
A

left- full arch
middle- wide buccal
right- narrow buccal

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7
Q

1-Retractor Cleaning
2- Mirror Cleaning

A

1-autoclaved
2-wiped w/ soap, dry w/ towel, wrap in towel, autoclave…no sterilization solutions

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8
Q

1-Relxed Facial Image
2-profile

A

1-inter pupillary line/incisal plane
2-center of frame is approximately 1 cm anterior to tragus

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9
Q

-Front Maximum Intercuspation

A
  • unilateral retractors
  • photograph behind patient
  • photos = inverted
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10
Q

Front Maximum Intercuspation

A
  • Bilateral retractors
  • photographer is in front of patient
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11
Q

1- Maxillary Arch
2- Mandibular Arch

A

1-photographer behind patient w/ bilateral retractors
2-tongue is position in back of the mirror, photographer is in front w/ bilateral retractors

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12
Q

L & R Lateral in occlusion

A

-photographer on contra lateral side of quadrant, focus in mirror…use a bilateral but uni retractor is preferred

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13
Q

Patient Record

A
  • recall what has happened
  • work out dispute
  • look for potential pitfalls
  • everyone on same page
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14
Q

Adv of electronic health records

A
  • legible
  • customized views
  • quality/convenient
  • patient participation
  • accuracy of diagnoses
  • care coordination
  • cost saving
  • quick retrieval

-organized + less paper

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15
Q

Disadv of Health Record

A
  • significant start up costs
  • less patient time
  • little compatibility of different systems
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16
Q

Disadv to checkbox history

A
  • patients might not understand questions
  • patient goes through it too quick
  • dentist may look for positive response and thats it
  • no in depthness
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17
Q

Patient Assessment

A
  • History
  • Clinical Exam
  • Radiology
  • Assessment/DX
  • Treatment Plan
  • Treatment
  • Prescription
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18
Q

Vital Signs

A
  • measures statistics to assess body functions
  • temperature, pulse, BP, and resp rate
  • gives a baseline
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19
Q

Treating Minors

A 
-minor = anyone under 18
exceptions= minor is pregnant, is married, emancipated, is an emergency
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20
Q

Epidemiology

A

study of health and disease states in population

  • heredity
  • behavior
  • physical
  • social
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21
Q

1-prevalance

2-Incidence
3- Index
4-Caries / Wars

A

1- # of individuals w/ disease in population at specific point of time
2- #of individuals in pop who experience new disease during specific period of time
3-standard of rating a disease on scale w/ upper and lower limits
4- = rejection from service: 1914 + 1939

22
Q

DMF Index

A 
D= decayed
M= missed
F= filled
DMFT= denotes decay, mising, filled teeth
DMFS= denotes decay, missing, filled surface
23
Q

Contributing Factors to Caries

A
  • tooth
  • bacteria in biofilm
  • time

-diet

24
Q

Bacterial Infection

A
  • unerupted teeth dont develop from caries
  • Strep Mutan and Lactobacilli
25
Q

Diet

A
26
Q

Physiological Equilibrium of Caries

A
  • local environment of teeth
  • Dynamics
  • Demin/Remin process
  • continous exchange of minerals between surface/biofilm saliva
  • imbalance in equilibrium
27
Q

Initial Carious Process

A
  • bacterial acids dissolve tooth structures=loss of minerals
  • subsurface porosities= inital white spot lesion
28
Q

Carious Lesions/Time

A

-Chronic

—also because of environment/personal factors

29
Q

Preventative Caries

A

Minimize- bad bacteria, acids, and (sugars)
Maximize- awareness, environment, fluoride, saliva

30
Q

Caries Stats

A
  • 25% of population experience 75% of disease
  • increase in less developed countries
  • epidemic in emerging country
  • –inc in caries when dec in income
31
Q

Caries—summary

A
  • Multi-factorial
  • Bacterial driven
  • Chronic
  • Imbalance in physiologic equilibrium
  • Dynamic
  • LifestyleAssociated/ Behavioral
  • Mostly preventable
  • Highly prevalent
32
Q

Tooth changes due to environment, habit, or systemic

A
  • alter morphology of erupted teeth
  • brushes abrade, teeth grind, acids erod
  • –combination or overlap
33
Q

1-Abrasion
2-Attrition
3-Erosion

A

1-tooth brush, oral piercings, tobacco use
2-bruxism (grinding), food/diet
3-extrinsic/intrinsic

34
Q

Abrasion Effects

A
  • physical wearing away of tooth by objects other than food and the opposing dentition
  • vshaped notched at cervical (also gingival recession) or isolate notech on incisal/occlusal
  • can lead to dentin hypersensitivity
35
Q

Abrasion Causes

A
  • toothbrushing w/ hard bristle
  • abrasive dentifrice (toothpaste)
  • parafunctional—use teeth for other things (tooth pick, as a tool)
  • nail biting
  • oral piercings
  • tobacco
36
Q
A

Oral Piercing Abrasion

37
Q
A

parafunctional abrasion

38
Q
A

toothbrushing abrasion

39
Q
A

Tobacco Abrasion

40
Q

Abrasion prevention/treatment

A
  • use soft bristled brush
  • good toothpaste, dentifrice
  • fluoride
  • tobacco prevention
  • counseling against piercing
  • remove piercings
41
Q

Attrition

A
  • Physical wearing away of tooth structure due to tooth on tooth contact or during mastication of foods
  • Bruxism= soreness with TMJ, headaches, broken teeth, + gingival recession
  • proximal contacts can be worn away
42
Q

Attrition Bruxism

A
  • stress reduction
  • Occlusal guard
  • botox injections
43
Q
A

Attrition—Bruxism

44
Q
A

Attrition- Bruxism

45
Q
A

Diet Related Attrition

46
Q

Attrition Prevention/Treatment

A
  • Bruxism=stress reduction, occlusal guard, change in medication
  • food= change in diet, change in handling of food, and source of food
47
Q

Erosion Effects

A
  • loss of tooth structure by dissolution
  • teeth were dentin has been exposed by abrasion or attrition may have erosion
  • “cupping”—appearance of soft dentin eroding faster than enamel
  • restorations that are resistant to erosion than surrounding tooth= rising out
  • dentin hypersensitivity
48
Q
A

Erosion

49
Q

Erosion Causes

A
  • Extrinsically—soft drinks (carbonated), fruit juice, sports drinks, vinegar, wine, work environment
  • intrinsic—regurgitation, vomiting
50
Q

Erosion Dynamics

A
  • salivary pellicle—protective function against acid
  • pellicle= physical and chemical barrier
  • Ca and P in pellicle buffer the acids and replace mineral lost
  • when protective system is overwhelmed= dissoltion
51
Q
A

Erosion from intrinsic Acid
—from vomiting, usually on lingual surface= translucent

52
Q

Erosion Prevention/Treatment

A
  • Reduce consumption of erosive fluids
  • dont brush until after 30 min
  • avoide erosive environ
  • Bulimia
  • drinking water
  • fluoride

DENT 1520 (8 decks)

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