1 & 2_Variables | Particle Theory of Matter

Question 1

Independent Variable

Answer 1

Factor that is manipulated/selected by the experimenter.

-Input-

Question 2

Dependent Variable

Answer 2

Factor that is observed to determine the effect of the independent variable.
-Output-

Question 3

Control Variable

Answer 3

Other factors that stay the same throughout the experiment.

Question 4

Extraneous Variable

Answer 4

Factors that are not planned but could have effected the experiment.
e.g. measurement error, research error, weather

Question 5

“Does heating cup of water allow it to dissolve more sugar?” - what is the independent variable?

(a) amount of sugar that is dissolved
(b) temperature of the water

Answer 5

(b) temperature of the water

Question 6

States of the Particle Theory of Matter.
1. _____ is made up of _____ _____.
2. all particles in _____ are _____ regardless of _____.
3. the spaces between particles are large compared to the size of the particles themselves.
_____>_____>_____
4. particles are in _____ _____ motion.
5. particles of a substance move _____ as its _____ increases. more _____ = faster movement
6. particles _____ _____. The greater the distance between particles, the _____ the force.

Answer 6

1. all matter is made up of tiny particles.
2. all particles in a substance are identical regardless of its state
3. the spaces between particles are large compared to the size of the particles themselves.
   solid (least space in between) > liquid (medium amount of space in between) > gas (most space in between)
4. particles are in constant random motion.
5. particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases. more energy = faster movement
6. particles attract each other. The greater the distance between particles, the weaker the force.

Question 7

solid to liquid:

Answer 7

melting

Question 8

gas to solid:

Answer 8

deposition

Question 9

liquid to gas:

Answer 9

vaporization

Question 10

condensation:

Answer 10

gas to liquid

Question 11

freezing:

Answer 11

liquid to solid

Question 12

sublimation:

Answer 12

solid to gas

Question 13

freezing point:

Answer 13

0 degrees celsius

Question 14

boiling point:

Answer 14

100 degrees celsius