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DIT > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is goal BP in ischemic stroke

A

< 220/120

<185/110 with thrombotic

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2
Q

What is TX for BP in ischemic stroke

A

Labetolol

Nicardipine

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3
Q

What drugs are CI in ischemic stroke

A

Nitroprusside

Nitroglycerin

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4
Q

What drugs are CI in SAH

A

Nitroprusside

Nitroglycerin

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5
Q

TX for ALS

MOA?

A

Riluzole
Increases survival time
MOA - increases glutamate induced cytotoxicity

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6
Q

EMG of ALS

A

Widespread muscular denervation and motor block

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7
Q

Dopamine Antagonists used in Huntington’s

A

Neuroleptics - esp hi potency typical, Haloperidol, Risperidone
Tetrabenazine

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8
Q

Visual abnormalities seen with MS

A 
1. Unilateral Optic Neuritis
May seen afferent pupillary defect
2. Central vision loss
3. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
- Damage to MLF- Loss of adduction on lateral gaze + nystagmus
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9
Q

Colored halos ?

A

Acute angle closure glaucoma

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10
Q

Shallow Anterior Chamber

A

Acute angle closure glaucoma

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11
Q

TX for orbital cellulitis

A

IV Vanco
IV Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime
Until afebrile or 3-5 days, THEN
Oral Abx for 2-3 weeks

Consult Ophthalmo and ENT for debridement

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12
Q

DDX for Cherry Red Spot

A

Neiman Pick
Tay Sacchs
Retinal artery Occlusion

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13
Q

Eye abnormalities seen in Vitamin A deficiency

A

Night blindness
Complete blindness
Xerophthalmia = dryness
Bitot spots

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14
Q

Presentation of Bullous Myringitis

A

Bullous/vesicular inflammation of TM

Ass’d with Acute OM, but more painful

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15
Q

What is seen on otoscopy of Bullous Myringitis

A

Large Reddish vessicles on TUm

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16
Q

TX of Bullous Myringitis

A

Oral Macrolides (Mycoplasma pneumo)

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17
Q

Mastoiditis Presentation

DX

A

Sx’s days to weeks after acute OM
Erythema, edema, tender behind ear
External ear displaced
DX: CT scan of mastoid process

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18
Q

TX of external OM

A

Topical Abx

Oral cephalosporins if Pseudomonas

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19
Q

Acute Labyrinthitis Presentation

A

Acute onset of vertigo
Hearing loss
Preceded by URI

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20
Q

Acute Labyrinthitis TX

A

TX: Corticosteroids

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21
Q

Meniere’s

A

Chronic dz with acute vertigo lasting hours
Vertigo, tinnitus
Low frequency hearing loss
N/V, depression, suicide

22
Q

TX for Meniere’s

A

Anticholinergics
Antiemetics
Salt restriction
Thiazides

23
Q

Conductive hearing loss MCC

A

Otosclerosis

Fixed sclerotic otic bones sclerosis and don’t function

24
Q

Rinne test in Otosclerosis

A

Negative

Also in wax accumulation

25
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Path in neural pathways from ear to brain

Positive Rinne

26
Q

Cholesteoma

A

Grayish white pearly lesion behind TM

Ass’d with OM Infxn

27
Q

TX of Cholesteoma

A

Surgical removal

28
Q

MCC of Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Presbycusis

29
Q

TX for familial hypercholesterolemia if lifestyle modifications and meds do not improve

A

Plasmapharesis
or
LDL apheresis

30
Q

Drug interaction w Statins and what HAART agent

A

PI’s: Ritonavir
Myalgias, rhabdomyolysis, RF
Next step - stop statin, change PI to NNRTI (efavirenz)
If viral load persistently high -> Change to 2 new NRTIs and Efavirenz

31
Q

Vaccinations given to Alcoholic patients?

A

Influenza
Pneumococcal
Hep A
Hep B

32
Q

TX of choice Alcohol abuse

A

Group counseling = Alcoholic Anonymous

33
Q

TX of Alcohol abuse

A 
AA
Benzos - Chlordiazepoxide
Disulfram
Topiramate
Naltrexone
Acamprosate
34
Q

Toxicity that causes pupillary dilation

A

Amphetamines
Cocaine
Hallucinogens - LSD

35
Q

TX of amphetamine abuse induced HTN

A

Benzos
Phentolamine
alpha blocker

36
Q

TX for cocaine, PCP, amphetamine or LSD OD for seizures, agitation and psychosis

A

Benzos

Haloperidol

37
Q

Refeeding syndrome
Pathophys
Presentation

A 
Sudden shift from fat to carb metabolism
Hypophosphatemia, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia
Cardiovascular collapse
Rhabdomyolysis
Confusions
Seizures
38
Q

What is pain disorder

A

Specific pain complaint cannot be explained
Analgesic pain does not relieve
TX: psychotherapy

39
Q

Difference bt Factitious and Malingering

A

Facticious - intentional induction of dz w/out a clear gain

Malingering - intentional induction of dz WITH a clear gain

40
Q

Presentation of binge eating disorder

A

Pt binges, but does not purge
Weight gain
Deep psychological problem - use as coping mechanism

41
Q

Presentation of eating disorder

Etiology

A

Binge eating = obsessed w food
Addiction
NOT coping mechanism

42
Q

MCC Delirium

A

UTIs
Meds
Benzos, Anticholinergics (TCAs)

43
Q

Sundowning in delirium or dementia or both?

A

Dementia

44
Q

Drugs that are CI in Agitation in delirium and dementia pts

A

Benzos
Anti-cholinergics
Worsen sx’s

45
Q

TX for Agitation in delirium and dementia pts

A

Low dose AP

Haloperidol

46
Q

Comorbidities with ADHD

A 
Oppositional Defiant disorder
Conduct disorder
Learning disabilities
Depression
Bipolar disease
Anxiety
47
Q

Difference bt conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder

A

Both exhibit aggressive behavior
ODD does not have illegal and destructive activity

TX
ODD = strict, clear cut rules
Conduct = psychotherapy

48
Q

AEs of Atomoxetine

A

Increased risk of suicidality

Liver injury

49
Q

TX of Tourette’s

A 
Psychotherapy
Low dose AP's  - Risperidone
- Fluphenazine
- Pimozide
- Tetrabenazine = no tardive dyskinesia

SSRIs if comorbidities

50
Q

Presentation of childhood disintegrative disorder

A

Regression of development after 2 yrs of normal development

51
Q

Presentation of Rett Disorder

A

Females ONLY
Loss of previously acquired motor skills
B/t 6-30 months
Stereotype hand movements - midline hand wringing

52
Q

What is pseudocyesis

A

False belief pt is pregnant

DIT (3 decks)

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