1-25 LT Quiz Flashcards
Radiological features of highly cancerous cerebral gliomas:
Accumulates contrast material in the form of an incomplete ring
Communicating hydrocephalus cannot be cause by:
Fracture of the cribriform plate (anterior skull trauma)
How is encephalitis caused by herpes simplex 1 virus diagnosed?
brain CT changes in the temporal lobes
inflammatory proteins in CSF
viral DNA using the PCR, in CSF
A 59-year-old woman suffered a stroke, which later led to spastic paralysis. Which damaged structures are responsible for this type of paralysis?
Inner capsule
Increased intracranial pressure results in
Decreased brain perfusion pressure
The 53-year-old woman working in garden, intense headache, stopped talking and lost consciousness. ED: wider left pupil, right limb hemiplegia, and sensorimotor aphasia. Tendons - the bones are more direct on the right, Babinski’s positive, there are no signs of irritation of the meninges. Consciousness according to GCS - 11b., BP - 230 / 120mmHg, HR - 105 b/ min. Patient taking new (non-vit. K) anticoagulants for arrhythmias and occasionally Nebiletas for high blood pressure. Diagnosis?
Spontaneous intracerebral hematoma
63 y woman unpleasant sensations in her feet that bother her for about 6 months. and began to rise towards the knees. suffering from diabetes for 9 years.
What signs of polyneuropathy could be detected in a neurological examination?
Finger and toes reduction in the vibration sensation
What are the risk factors for pneumococcal meningitis?
- skull fractures
- functional or anatomical asplenia
- alcoholism
functions of the cerebellum
muscle tone, muscle synergy, movement control
Focal dystonia is suspected in the presence of:
1.Involuntary turning of the head to the right and tilting toward the left shoulder; symptoms increase with stress, while walking or
standing; it improves when touching cheek or neck, or while leaning against a backrest
2.Bilateral involuntary spasmodic closing of the eyelids
What features define sensory aphasia?
Preserved spontaneous speech, impaired comprehension, impaired repetition
Neurotransmitter imbalances cause extrapyramidal syndromes
Acetylcholine and dopamine
First-line medications for cerebral palsy:
Osmodiuretics
Diabetic polyneuropathy rehabilitation measures
physiotherapy, occupational therapy, application of orthopedic
footwear
What physiotherapy measures are not appropriate for
decreased muscle tone?
muscle stretching exercises
What are the symptoms of peripheral-type paralysis?
- Possible muscle atrophy
- Weakened or disappeared deep tendons reflexes
- Decreased muscle tone
features of ataxia caused by spinal cord damage
Ataxia ipsilateral to lesion
increases with eyes closed
impairment of deep sensation below level of lesion
Diseases can spread through unpasteurized milk or its products?
Listeriosis
Tick-borne encephalitis
A 35-year-old driver has noticed that his 5 finger gets numb after keeping his right elbow flexed for a prolonged period.
likely diagnosis?
Ulnar neuropathy – elbow tunnel syndrome
Which study in CNS tumor diagnosis is the least informative
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
Hydrocephalus manifests with urinary incontinence, cognitive function impairment and walking difficulties?
Normal pressure
Spinal cord injury, when only the senses remain below the level of neurological damage is ASIA classification
ASIA B
Which of the following is characteristic to lesion of CNS only
Hemiparesis
For treatment of bacterial meningitis dexamethasone is given
4 days
0.15 mg / kg intravenously 4 times daily
Starting before or in combination with the first dose of antibiotic
