1 Flashcards
What does the McMurray test assess for?
Meniscal tear
What does the Talar tilt assess for?
Ankle instability
What does the Tinel’s sign assess for?
Carpal tunnel syndrome
What does the Lachman test assess for?
ACL tear
What does the straight leg test assess for?
Lumbar nerve root compression
What does the Spurling test assess for?
Cervical nerve root compression
What does the drop arm test assess for?
Rotator cuff evaluation
What does the Finkelstein’s test assess for?
DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis
How do you treat complicated gc (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis)?
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM
Doxycycline 100mg BID x14 days
& Metronidazole 500mg BID x 14 days
What do you treat a pregnant patient with confirmed gonorrheal and chlamydial?
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM x1
Azithromycin 1g PO x1
What do you treat an 18yo F with papules and pustules on forehead and chin with no improvement with medicated soap or OTC abx gels?
Tetracycline
Which organisms can cause CAP?
H. Influenzae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What would you treat a 9yo with impetigo?
Mupirocin (preferred)
Amoxicillin
Dicloxacillin
Which antibiotic drug class puts patients at risk for Achilles tendon rupture?
Quinolones
Which SSRI is most likely to cause ED?
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Treatment for HSV
Acyclovir
Bacterial pneumonia is most commonly caused by:
Streptococcus pneumonia
Others include: H flu
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila
What’s the difference between anti-HBc and anti-HBs?
+ anti-HBc: immune from having Hep B
+ anti-HBs: immune from vaccine
- anti-HBc: not immune, never had it
- anti-HBs: never received immunity from vaccine
A loud blowing, high pitch murmur heard at the apex of the heart radiating to the axilla?
Mitral regurgitation
A harsh, noisy murmur heard best at the right side of the sternum?
Aortic stenosis
A low pitched diastolic rumbling murmur
Mitral stenosis
A blowing high pitched murmur heard at the right side of the sternum
Aortic regurgitation
Deep palpitation of lower left quadrant is called _________
Roving’s sign
Raise heels and drop them suddenly
Markle test
Positive when pt experiences abdominal pain while flexing the hip and knee.
Psoas test
A positive Homan’s sign (calf pain when foot of affected limb is dorsiflexed)
DVT
What is the first line treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)?
Oral prednisone
Which antibiotic should be given for an infected cat or dog bite?
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
If a patient is bitten by an animal how long since their last tetanus shot should they receive another one?
If it’s been >5years
In a patient with kidney disease which lab should be monitored when starting on an ACE inhibitor?
Potassium
Contraindications for hormonal contraception include:
Smoking, migraines, obesity >35yo
Thromboembolic, HTN, or vascular disease >35yo
Lupus, nephritis, CAD, stroke, CHF, hypertriglyceridemia
Breastfeeding (can use progestin only)
Treatment for uncomplicated chlamydia:
1 dose Azithromycin 1g PO observed or Doxycycline
How do you treat cluster headaches?
12L oxygen 100%
And intranasal lidocaine 4%
How to treat tension headaches
Acetaminophen or NSAIDs
How to treat migraine headaches
Ice pack to forehead and placed in a dark room
What is the classic triad of preeclampsia?
HTN
Proteinuria
Edema (weight gain)
An infant with a long narrow face, prominent forehead and chin and large ears describes which genetic disorder?
Fragile X
Which vaccine is contradicted in individuals with HIV or AIDS?
Varicella
An elderly patient with complicated UTI should be treated with:
5-7 days of Levofloxacin 750mg QD
What are Heberdens nodes?
Nontender nodes located on the distal interphalangeal joints caused by Osteoarthritis
What are Bouchard’s nodes?
Enlargement of the middle joint of the fingers
First line treatment for an infant with pertussis?
Macrolides (Azithromycin, Clarithrimycin, Erythromycin)
Which antibiotic is given for strep throat and otitis media?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins are given for what type of bacteria?
Gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, catalase-positive, coagulase-positive cocci in clusters.
Gram positive Staph Aureus causes what type of infections?
S. aureus can cause inflammatory diseases, including skin infections, pneumonia, endocarditis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and abscesses.
What type of infections do gram-negative bacteria cause?
Gram-negative bacteria cause infections including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound or surgical site infections, and meningitis in healthcare settings. Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to multiple drugs and are increasingly resistant to most available antibiotics.
Complicated UTI is usually treated by what class of antibiotics?
Quinolones: ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
What is the initial treatment given for mild allergic conjunctivitis?
Topical antihistamines/mast stabilizers
Steroid creams range in potency from group ___ (least potent) to group _____ (most potent).
7, 1
Which test should initially be ordered when suspecting syphilis?
Rapid plasma reagin test
What is a highly sensitive test for both gonorrhea and chlamydia?
Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
Which condition will the nurse practitioner monitor for when prescribing an elderly patient nifedipine or hydrochlorothiazide?
Acquired neutropenia due to bone marrow suppression and blocking the activation of neutrophils
A patient has a history of cluster headaches. What should the nurse practitioner prescribe prophylactically?
Verapamil PO daily
(This is a calcium channel blocker usually prescribed for hypertension and angina. However, it is also first-line treatment for prophylaxis of migraines and cluster headaches.)
At what age should a healthy, full-term infant be screened for anemia?
9-12 mos
The nurse practitioner is assessing a 56-year-old patient and notes diffuse hyperpigmented lesions on the trunk back, abdomen, chest, and arms. What is the probable diagnosis and what will the nurse practitioner do next?
Pityriasis versicolor
The NP will first take skin scraping’s and do a KOH prep wet mount. If this shows short hyphae and budding cells the NP will prescribe oral fluconazole (Diflucan)
Which test will the nurse practitioner order for symptoms of chronic prostatitis?
Meares-Stamey 2-glass test
If a patient is over 40 years old and has a history of normal lipid screenings how often should they be done?
Every 2-3 years
What is a normal lipid panel?
Cholesterol <200
LDL 60-130
HDL >60
Triglycerides <150
First line therapy for Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Doxycycline BID x 10 days
When would you prescribe Rifampin?
If patient had close contact with a person diagnosed with meningococcemia
Phalen test
Carpal tunnel- pushes hands back for one minute to assess burning/tingling/numbness in the median nerve
First line treatment for CAP?
Doxycycline or Amoxicillin
T/F
Floriquinolones can only be used in patients >18yo
True
What treats UTI and strep throat when other meds cannot be used?
Levofloxacin
What is used to tx pelvic inflammatory disease?
Ceftriaxone
+
Doxycycline
+
Metronidazole
What is 1st line treatment for a 45 yo F with syphillis?
If allergic?
Penicillin IM
(If allergic: Doxycycline PO)
Which genital warts tx can be used for pregnant women?
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Which topical tx option for external genital warts SHOULD NOT be used in pregnancy?
Imiquimod cream
What is a drug that is a controller preventative therapy for migraine headaches?
Topiramate
Positive anterior drawer test indicates
Anterior cruciate ligament is not intact
How do you treat chlamydia?
A single dose of azithromycin or taking doxycycline twice daily for 7 to 14 days
What is ptosis?
Drooping of the upper eyelid
What is myosis?
A constricted pupil
What characterizes a tension type headache?
A band squeezing the head
What characterizes cluster headache?
Pain in and around one eye
What characterizes migraine headache?
One sided pain, nausea, and visual changes
How do you treat hypothyroidism?
Synthetic/levothyroxine
How to treat HYPERthyroid?
Beta blocker (tremor/tachycardia)
Methimazole/PTU (reduced thyroxine production)
Once euthyroid, thyroid ablation via radioactive iodine
