1 Flashcards
Internal iliac arteries aka
hypogastric arteries
The profunda courses _______ and _______ to the superficial
posterior and lateral
As the SFA passes through the _______ _________ into the popliteal fossa it becomes the popliteal artery
adductor canal
Anterior tibial becomes:
Dorsalis pedis
Peroneal artery becomes:
posterior and anterior tibial arteries
Posterior tibia becomes:
medial and lateral plantar
Superficial arch:
Ulnar
Deep arch:
Radial
Common sites of atherosclerosis besides carotids?
Lower extremities – specifically dst superficial femoral-popliteal area, aortoiliac region and popliteal trifurcation
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) aka
Buerger’s (arteritis)
Peripheral artery aneurysms are uncommon
True
Most common location for peripheral artery aneurysms:
Popliteal A, SVA or CFA
Most common concern for peripheral aneursyms?
Emboli
How are pseudoaneurysms formed?
Usually iatrogenic, or from a needle puncture
Dissection is caused by:
Trauma or severe hypertension
What is popliteal entrapment syndrome?
When the PopA is compressed by the gastrocneumius
Seen in younger males
Unilateral or bilateral
Over time it can lead to thrombosis or atherosclerotic changes
Compartment syndrome:
extreme swelling that compresses arteries or veins, resulting in ischemia
Treatment for compartment syndrome?
Fasciotomy – affected area is flayed open and left open to air until swelling decreases
What’s compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome?
Subclavian artery, vein and brachial plexus
Raynaud’s syndrome:
Digital arteries go into spasm when exposed to cold or high emotional conditions
What’s the difference between primary and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome?
Primary- patients digits change color when exposed to cold temps. White –>blue–>red (rewarming period)
Secondary- permanent symptoms and seen in combo with underlying obstructive disease
What does Takayasu’s arteritis effect?
Aortic arch and it’s branches
What happens with coarctation of the aorta?
Hypertension and leg ischemia
What pressures are obtained with lower extremity studies?
DPA and PTA (use the higher one)
Risk factors of peripheral arterial disease:
age* hypertension diabetes hyperlipidemia tobacco use
Main symptoms that suggest vascular disease is present?
claudication
ischemic rest pain (indicates severe disease)
Dependent rubor
when patient drops legs down and they fill with blood and turn red
Patients usually see ischemic rest pain when?
At night in bed
Six P’s associated with acute occlusive diseae:
Pallor Pain Pulseless Paralysis Paresthesias Poikilothermia (inability to regulate body temp)
Skin color changes are usually seen with what type of disease, arterial or venous?
Arterial
In order to avoid the “cuff artifact”, the cuff width must be _____% larger than the diameter of the underlying limb
> 20
If the cuff is too wide for the limb it can result in a falsely ___ pressure reading. On the other hand, if the cuff is not wide enough for the limb, a falsely _________ pressure reading will result. The latter is more common in the lower extremities.
Low
Elevated
