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D1 Spring - Complete Removable Pros > 1/10: Edentulous Anatomy > Flashcards

1/10: Edentulous Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are three types of mucosa?

A

Masticatory
Lining
Specialized

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2
Q

What kind of mucosa is highly keratinized, best denture support?

A

Masticatory

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3
Q

What kind of mucosa is thin, non-keratinized mucosa of lips and cheek. Forms seal against denture, but does not resist stress?

A

Lining

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4
Q

What kind of mucosa is on the dorsal surface of tongue. Is keratinized, contains taste buds?

A

Specialized

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5
Q

What are characteristics of the ideal denture-bearing tissue?

A

1- firmly bound, keratinized masticatory mucosa
2- a zone of connective tissue and submucosa
3- underlying cortical bone
4- muscle attachments nearby (enhance resistance to bone resorption)

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6
Q

What is centripetal resorption?

A

Routine resorption pattern following extraction of teeth results in a smaller maxilla when compared to dentate arch

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7
Q

What doesn’t the labial frenum contain?

A

Muscle fibers

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8
Q

Where does the labial frenum insert?

A

In vertical direction

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9
Q

Describe the movement of the labial frenum?

A

Little lateral movement in function

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10
Q

Describe the notch on the labial frenum on a denture

A

Should be narrow

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11
Q

What is the labial vestibule?

A

Space between labial frenum and buccal frenum
*contains no muscle fibers

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12
Q

What may the buccal frenum contain?

A

Few fibers of caninus muscle

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13
Q

What should the notch on the buccal frenum look like?

A

Broad since movement of frenum is affected by buccinator and orbicularis oris muscle

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14
Q

Where is the notch in denture broader?

A

At buccal frenum than labial frenum

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15
Q

Where is the corono-maxillary space?

A

Between buccal frenum and hamular notch

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16
Q

Describe the space of a corono-maxillary space on the buccal vestibule

A

Varies in size
Must be filled vertically and laterally by denture flange to prevent ingress of air and loss of retention of maxillary denture

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17
Q

Where should you palpate for the retrozygomatic process?

A

In buccal vestibule just buccal to first maxillary molar
Vestibular space psoterior to zygoma

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18
Q

What are characteristics of complete denture retention?

A

Adhesion
Cohesion
Interfacial surface tension
Intimate tissue contact
Border seal - prevent ingress of air
Neuromuscular control by patient

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19
Q

What is the hamular notch?

A

Narrow cleft between tuberosity and pterygoid hamulus

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20
Q

What are the three characteristics of the maxillary tuberosities?

A

Oversized
Resorbed
Undercut

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21
Q

Where is the location of the vibrating line?

A

On the soft palate - not the junction of the hard and soft palate
It’s the junction of movable and immovable tissues of the soft palate

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22
Q

What does the vibrating line mark?

A

The junction of the movable and the immovable portion of the soft palate

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23
Q

What is unique to humans?

A

Fovea palatini

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24
Q

What is the coalescence of mucous glands?

A

Fovea palatini

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25
Q

Where are the fovea palatini located?

A

One on each side of the midline
In the general area of the vibtaing line. Much individual variation. Only a guide

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26
Q

What is in the area of the “vibrating line”?

A

Fovea palatini

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27
Q

What is the median palatine raphe?

A

Bony midline structure, no cushioning effect
*may require relief when covered by a denture

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28
Q

What is the maxillary secondary denture support area?

A

Rugae

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29
Q

What resists anterior displacement of maxillary denture?

A

Rugae

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30
Q

What is the landmark for the setting of anterior teeth?

A

Incisive papilla

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31
Q

What is the incisive papila?

A

Pad of connective tissue overlying nasopalatine canal opening

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32
Q

What is not tolerant of pressure from denture?

A

Incisive papilla

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33
Q

What is the ideal depth for the palatal vault form?

A

Medium depth with well-defined rugae in anterior

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34
Q

What should you do if ridges are severely resorbed?

A

Inform patient
- U shape
- V shape

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35
Q

What is the primary support area of the hard palate?

A

Horizontal anterio- and posterolateral hard palate

36
Q

What is the secondary support area of the hard palate?

A

Ridge crest

37
Q

What part of the hard palate should require relief?

A

Midline suture

38
Q

What in the maxilla may require removal?

A

Torus palatinus

39
Q

Where is the posterior palatal seal?

A

Distal to junction of hard and soft palates

40
Q

What is the palatal seal?

A

Glandular and fibrous connective tissue which may be slightly compressed without harm

41
Q

What is the purpose of the posterior palatal seal?

A

Retention of maxillary CD

42
Q

What are the 4 functions of the posterior palatal seal?

A
  1. Complete border seal of max. CD
  2. Compensates for dimensional changes in processed resin
  3. Gives firm contact with tissue of s. palate which reduces gagging
  4. presses into tissue making posterior border less conspicuous to tongue
43
Q

What are the 3 House’s. classifications of soft palates?

A

Class 1 - >5mm tissue available (ideal)
Class 2 - 1-5mm tissue available (adequate)
Class 3 - <1mm tissue available (poor)

44
Q

What house classification is easiest to tolerate, broadest range, and hardest to locate?

A

Class I

45
Q

What house classification is most common?

A

Class II

46
Q

What classification is easiest to locate, hardest to tolerate?

A

Class III

47
Q

What three things make up the anatomy of the mandibular arch?

A

Labial frenum
Labial vestibule
Buccal frenum

48
Q

What may the buccal frenum contain?

A

Fibers which attach to “modiolus”

49
Q

What is the modiolus?

A

Structure at corners of mouth where 8 muscles converge

50
Q

Where is the buccal shelf?

A

Area posterior to buccal frenum

51
Q

What is the primary support area for mandibular CDs?

A

Buccal shelf

52
Q

What should the base of the denture cover?

A

Buccal shelf

53
Q

Where is the buccal shelf located?

A

Between height of the ridge and external oblique ridge

54
Q

How does the buccal shelf resorb?

A

More slowly

55
Q

What is the primary support area of the mandibular denture?

A

buccal shelf and pear shaped pad

56
Q

What is the secondary support area of the mandibular denture?

A

Ridge crest and area of genial tubercles

57
Q

What areas of the mandibular denture are relieved or noncontributing?

A

Lingual and labial ridge inclines

58
Q

What is the pterygomandibular raphe?

A

Narrow, ligamentous band extending from pterygoid hamulus to posterior part of mylohyloid line

59
Q

What enters at the pterygomandibular raphe?

A

Buccinator m. and superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

60
Q

What does the pterygomandibular raphe limit?

A

Length of max. and mandib. CD

61
Q

Where does the pterygomandibular raphe connect?

A

Hamulus to the mylohyoid ridge

62
Q

What happens if the pterygomandibular raphe is prominent?

A

Can cause pain or loosening
Requires relief “groove”

63
Q

What is an important landmark in removable pros.?

A

Retromolar pad

64
Q

What is the retromolar pad?

A

Triangular pad of soft tissue at posterior end of mandibular residual ridge

65
Q

What contains glandular tissue?

A

Retromolar pad

66
Q

What is the shape of the retromolar pad?

A

Inverted pear
Posterior border

67
Q

What is the retromolar pad created from?

A

Scarring after extractions

68
Q

What are the 5 contents of the retromolar pad?

A
  1. Loose submucosa
  2. Glandular tissue
  3. fibers of buccinator and sup. pharyngeal constrictor muscles
  4. pterygomandibular raphe
  5. Temporalis m. tendon fibers
69
Q

What must be covered by the base of a denture?

A

Retromolar pads

70
Q

What occurs if the retromolar pad isnt covered?

A

Excessive resorption of residual ridge

71
Q

What is the anterior attachment of tongue?

A

Lingual frenum

72
Q

What muscle does the lingual frenum overly?

A

Genioglossus muscle

73
Q

What does the mylohyoid muscle influence?

A

Length of lingual flange

74
Q

What is the alveolingual sulcus?

A

Space from lingual frenum to retromylohyoid curtain in posterior

75
Q

What is the distal end of lingual sulcus?

A

Retromylohyoid space

76
Q

What is the area psoterior to the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Retromylohyoid space

77
Q

What does a good seal in the Retromylohyoid space aid in?

A

Retention and stability

78
Q

What is the secondary support area of a mandibular denture?

A

Residual ridge

79
Q

What happens to the size of the residual ridge over time?

A

Decreases

80
Q

What happens when there is pressure on the residual ridge?

A

Blood supply interrupted –> bone resorption

81
Q

What do we want to do if there is pressure on the redidual ridge?

A

Minimize pressure and spread out the pressure onto a wider support base

82
Q

Where is residual ridge resorption more severe?

A

On mandibular arch than on max

83
Q

How to reduce the pressure on residual ridges?

A
  1. Remove dentures from mouth 8 hours/day to allow tissues to rest
  2. Proper impression techniques
  3. Clincial remount and occlusal refinement at delivery of dentures to patients
  4. No contact of opposing anterior teeth in centric relation
84
Q

What are proper impression techniques?

A

Record tissues at rest
Denture base extensions using maximum support area
place pressure on those areas that can withstand pressure

85
Q
A

D1 Spring - Complete Removable Pros (18 decks)

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