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Geography WJEC > 1 1 - Rivers > Flashcards

1 1 - Rivers Flashcards

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1
Q

Upper stage processes

A

Erosion and transportation

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2
Q

Erosion types

A

Attrition, abrasion, solution, hydraulic action

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3
Q

Upper stage features

A

V shaped valleys, waterfalls

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4
Q

Middle stage processes

A

Erosion, transportation, deposition

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5
Q

Middle stage feaures

A

Meanders, oxbow lakes

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6
Q

Fastest fiver flow point

A

thalweg

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7
Q

Lower stage processes

A

Erosion, transportation, deposition

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8
Q

Lower stage features

A

Deltas

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9
Q

Delta formation

A

River reaches slower water at mouth, deposits sediment and is blocked so branches ad infinitum

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10
Q

Flooding causes

A

Ground cover - concrete bad, soil good
Slope angle - steep slope bad
Drainage density - many tributaries bad
Basin shape - elongated basin good

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11
Q

Flood management aims

A

Protect homes, business, and environment by increasing lag time

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12
Q

Dams advantages

A

Flood control, hydroelectric power, drinking water reserves

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13
Q

Dams disadvantages

A

Trapped sediment, settlements behind lost, blocks fish migration (i.e. salmon)

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14
Q

Channel straightening advantages

A

Easier to navigate, more water flows and so doesn’t flood

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15
Q

Channel straightening disadvantages

A

Increases flooding risk downstream

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16
Q

Soft engineering examples

A

Wetlands - natural flooding to make marshlanfd
Afforestation - planting trees to increase lag time
Porous pavements
Land use zoning

17
Q

MEDC C/S name

A

Boscastle 2004

18
Q

MEDC C/S rainfall

A

60mm in 2h (a month’s worth)

19
Q

MEDC C/S rock types

A

Permeable limestone and impermeable slate

20
Q

MEDC C/S rivers

A

Valency, Jordan, Paradice

21
Q

MEDC C/S other factors

A

Co-incised with high tide

Trees and cars (14) blocked under bridge forcing flood water around

22
Q

MEDC C/S cars lost

A

> 1k

23
Q

MEDC C/S deaths

A

0

24
Q

MEDC C/S impacts

A

loss of tourism income

insurance claims

25
Q

LEDC C/S name

A

Mozambique 2000

26
Q

LEDC C/S rainfall

A

1160mm in 1 month

27
Q

LEDC C/S homeless

A

463000

28
Q

LEDC C/S rainfall duration

A

5 weeka

29
Q

LEDC C/S cause

A

Exceptional rainfall in S. Africa - carried down Limpopo river

30
Q

LEDC C/S deaths

A

700

31
Q

LEDC C/S river rise

A

6m

32
Q

LEDC C/S underlying factors

A

LEDC so low/no investment in flood infrastructure

Geography WJEC (9 decks)

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