09 Fluids & Electrolytes {Assessements & Interventions} Flashcards
How would fluid volume excess present in the cardiovascular system?
bounding, increased pulse rate elevated blood pressure distended neck and hand veins elevated central venous pressure dysrhythmias
How would fluid volume deficit present in the cardiovascular system?
thready, increased pulse rate
decreased blood pressure and orthostatic (postural) hypotension
flat neck and hand veins in dependent positions
diminished peripheral pulses
decreased central venous pressure
dysrhythmias
How would fluid volume deficit present in the respritory system?
increased rate and depth of respirations
dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
How would fluid volume excess present in the respritory system?
increased respiratory rate with shallow respirations
dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
moist crackles on respriations
How would fluid volume deficit present in the neuromuscular system?
decreased central nervous system activity (from lethargy to coma)
fever, depending on the amount of fluid loss
skeletal muscle weakness*
How would fluid volume excess present in the neuromuscular system?
altered level of consciousness HA visual disturbances skeletal muscle weakness* paresthesias
How would fluid volume deficit present in the renal system?
decreased urine output **
How would fluid volume excess present in the renal system?
increase urine output if kidneys can compensate
decreased urine output ** if kidney damage is the cause
How would the integumentary system present with fluid volume deficit?
dry skin
poor turgor, tenting
dry mouth
How would the integumentary system present with fluid volume excess?
pitting edema in dependent areas
pale, cool skin (due to edematous skin)
How would fluid volume deficit present in the gastrointestinal system?
decreased motility and diminished bowel sounds
constipation
thirst
decreased body weight
How would fluid volume excesspresent in the gastrointestinal system?
increased motility in the GI tract diarrhea increased body weight liver enlargement ascites
How would fluid volume deficit present with laboratory findings?
increased serum osmolality increased hematocrit increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level increased serum sodium level increased urinary specific gravity
How would fluid volume excess present with laboratory findings?
decreased serum osmolality decreased hematocrit decreased BUN level decreased serum sodium level decreased urine specific gravity
In general isotonic dehydration is treated with _________ fluid solutions, hypertonic dehydration is treated with _______ fluid solutions and hypotonic dehydration is treated with _______ fluid solutions.
isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic
