09/03

Question 1

What are key features of HUS?

Answer 1

AKI
Thrombocytopenia
Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

Question 2

When should a patient be referred under 2ww for bladder cancer?

Answer 2

Age >45 AND
- unexplained visible haematuria with no UTI
OR
-visible or persistent haematuria that occurs after successful treatment of UTI

Age >60 AND have unexplained visible haematuria with EITHER dysuria or raised WCC on blood test

Question 3

What is the gold standard investigation for bladder cancer?

Answer 3

Cystoscopy

Question 4

What is the grading of CKD?

Answer 4

1- eGFR >90 with some sign of kidney damage on other tests
2- eGFR 60-89 with some sign of kidney damage
3A- eGFR 45-59 with moderate reduction in kidney function
3B- eGFR 30-44 with moderate reduction in kidney function
4- eGFR 15-29 with severe reduction in kidney function
5- eGFR <15- dialysis or transplant needed

Question 5

What are side effects of erythropoietin?

Answer 5

HTN
Encephalopathy
Seizures
Bone aches
Flu like symptoms
Skin rashes/urticaria
2 degree iron deficiency

Question 6

What is the screening test for polycystic kidney disease?

Answer 6

Abdominal USS

Question 7

When should ACEi be prescribed in CKD?

Answer 7

ACR >3 in pts with diabetes
ACR >30 in pts with HTN
ACR >70 regardless of BP state

Question 8

What is a key feature of dehydration?

Answer 8

High serum sodium

Low urinary sodium

Question 9

What are features of acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 9

Fever
Rash 
Arthralgia
Eosinophilia
Renal impairment 
HTN

WCC casts in urine