Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SHHS - Science - Physics GCSE 2018on > 08. P3 Generating Electricity > Flashcards

08. P3 Generating Electricity Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Physics 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards AP® Physics flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define - Acid rain

A

Environmental problem caused by sulfur dioxide (which is released by burning fossil fuels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define - Base load

A

Constant amount of power generated by power stations. Usually supplied by stations with large start-up times (coal, nuclear etc.) andother methods used tomeet the variations in demand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define - Biofuel

A

A carbon-neutral, renewable type of fuel obtained from living or recently living organisms (wood is common example)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define - Carbon Capture and Storage

A

Stops the release of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel power stations. Known as CCS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define - Carbon-neutral

A

Only releases the same amount of carbon dioxide that it absorbed during its lifetime, so there is no overall increase in carbon dioxide by burning it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define - Fossil Fuels

A

Coal, oil and gas. Finite fuels which have been produced over millions of years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define - Geothermal energy

A

Uses heat from the energy released by radioactive substances deep within the Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define - Hydroelectric power

A

Uses a dam that directs water through a turbine to generate electricity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define - National grid

A

Network of cables and transformers that transfers electricity around the country.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define - Nuclear fission

A

Splitting nuclei to release energy. Used in Nuclear power stations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define - Solar cell

A

Panel that converts energy from the sun into electrical energy. Also called a photovoltaic cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define - Solar heating panel

A

Panel that converts energy from the sun to thermal energy by heating water which is passing through the pipes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define - Solar power tower

A

Uses many mirrors to reflect sunlight onto a water tank on top of a tower, steam produced turns turbines andthen generators.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define - Start-up time

A

Time taken for power stations to start up. Nuclear has the longest, then coal, then oil, then natural gas. Hydroelectric has shortest start up time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define - Step down transformer

A

Device for making the voltage of an AC supply lower.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define - Step up transformer

A

Device for making the voltage of an AC supply higher.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define - Tidal power

A

Uses trapped high tides to force water through a turbine to generate electricity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define - Turbine

A

Rotates when steam or water is pushed through it. Used to drive a generator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define - Wave power

A

Uses the movment of water waves to generate electricity by turning turbines and generators.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define - Wind power

A

Uses the wind to turn turbines/generator, and generate electricity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Advantages of biofuels

A

Renewable, Carbon neutral, reliable

22
Q

Advantages of Geothermal energy

A

Free fuel costs, No carbon dioxide released, renewable, reliable

23
Q

Advantages of hydroelectric power

A

No pollution, short start up time, fuel is free, reliable

24
Q

Advantages of nuclear power

A

Uranium is highly available(for now) and reliable, Lots of energy released per kg of fuel, No greenhouse gases

25
Q

Advantages of overhead cables

A

Cheaper to install and repair, easy to access so quicker, natural cooling by air, Thinner cables used

26
Q

Advantages of tidal barrages

A

No pollution, Reliable, Free fuel costs

27
Q

Advantages of underground cables

A

Not affected by bad weather, hidden, doesn’t harm low flying aircraft, reduced risk of shock

28
Q

Advantages of wave power

A

No carbon dioxide or carbon particulates emitted, renewable source, no fuel costs

29
Q

Advantages of wind power

A

No carbon dioxide or carbon particulate emitted, renewable source, no fuel costs

30
Q

Disadvantages of biofuels

A

Large areas of land needed to grow fuel, large amounts of fuel needed to match a fossil fuel output.

31
Q

Disadvantages of geothermal energy

A

Only possible in volcanic areas sos uitable sites difficult to find, expensive to build

32
Q

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A

Flood a valley, loss of habitat, high build costs

33
Q

Disadvantages of nuclear power

A

Produces nuclear waste, expensive to build, high safety costs, non-renewable

34
Q

Disadvantages of underground cables

A

Expensive to install and fix, takes longer to install, Insulation needed to reduce risk of electrocution

35
Q

Disadvantages of overhead cables

A

Eye-sore, Damages landscapes, Can be damamged by weather, Easy access allows possible vandalism, Hazard to low flying air crafts

36
Q

Disadvantages of solar cells

A

Only works at day time, unreliable, high initial costs (although these are getting cheaper)

37
Q

Disadvantages of tidal barrages

A

Prevents boat access, can affect habitat, high cost to build

38
Q

Disadvantages of wave power

A

Spoils view , hazard to boats, unreliable (no wind = no waves)

39
Q

Disadvantages of wind power

A

Spoils view(visual pollution), noise pollution, unreliable, large number needed (600ish) to produce same energy as a standard coal power station

40
Q

Decribe the processes in a fossil fuel power station

A

Fuel is burnt to release heat energy and boils the water, Water turns to steam, steam turns turbines, which turns generator to generate electrical energy

41
Q

Define - Finite

A

Will run out

42
Q

How is nuclear power made safe?

A

Reactors are cooled by water, fission slowed down by control rods, Fission reaction encased in steel vessels and thick concrete.

43
Q

Non-renewable

A

Resource that will run out once they’re used as they cannot be used again eg coal and oil

44
Q

Renewable

A

A resource that can be replaced/regenerated and will never run out eg solar and wind

45
Q

The national grid

A

The network of transformers cables and pylons that carry energy across the country

46
Q

Advantages of solar cells?

A

Free fuel costs, No carbon dioxide released, renewable

47
Q

What are tidal barrages?

A

Dams built across river estuaries which control the flow of tidal water

48
Q

What does nuclear power stations use as fuel?

A

Uranium (and some plutonium)

49
Q

Briefly describe nuclear fission in power stations

A

Nuclei splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing neutrons, and energy

50
Q

Which non-renewable resource has the quickest start up time?

A

Natural gas

51
Q

Why is the voltage stepped down?

A

The voltage is stepped down before it reaches the homes because it is less dangerous to use in homes

52
Q

Why is the voltage stepped up?

A

Higher voltage = lower current through wires = less heat loss in wires

SHHS - Science - Physics GCSE 2018on (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions