[06] Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What is the Autonomic Nervous System?
A part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions
What are the divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?
- Sympathetic division
- Parasympathetic division
What does the ANS regulate?
It regulates the function of internal organs, blood vessels, smooth and cardiac muscles
What is the role of the sympathetic division of the ANS?
It prepares the body for stress or emergency situations (‘fight or flight’ response)
What is the role of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
It promotes calming and return to regular bodily functions after stress has passed (‘rest and digest’ response)
How does the ANS contribute to homeostasis?
By maintaining internal stability and balance in the body’s systems
What types of responses does the sympathetic division of the ANS stimulate?
- Increased heart rate
- Increased respiratory rate
- Dilation of pupils
What types of responses does the parasympathetic division of the ANS stimulate?
- Decreased heart rate
- Increased digestion
- Constriction of pupils
What is the effect of the ANS on heart rate?
Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate, parasympathetic stimulation decreases heart rate
What is the effect of the ANS on digestion?
Sympathetic stimulation inhibits digestion, parasympathetic stimulation promotes digestion
How does the ANS interact with the endocrine system?
The ANS controls the release of hormones that help regulate bodily functions
How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions work together?
They usually work in opposition to each other to maintain balance in the body
What are autonomic reflexes?
Automatic responses to changes in the body’s internal environment
What is the effect of the ANS on the pupils of the eye?
Sympathetic stimulation causes dilation, parasympathetic stimulation causes constriction
What is the effect of the ANS on respiratory rate?
Sympathetic stimulation increases respiratory rate, parasympathetic stimulation decreases it
