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Human Behavior > 06/08/15 - 06/09/15 > Flashcards

06/08/15 - 06/09/15 Flashcards

1
Q

Childhood doesn’t really matter for crime: TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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2
Q

What changes trough Adolescence “Changes” during adolescence

A

Criminal Motivation

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3
Q

Infants manifest measurable differences in what?

A

Behavior/ Personality

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4
Q

Expansion of neural pathways greatest during first

A

3 years of life

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5
Q

Infants:

A

Cry, Scream, thrash arms and legs, grab, pull, smile, etc.

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6
Q

Behavioral mostly non contextual

A

Infants don’t know “Social Roles”

Rude/disgusting behavior often normal.

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7
Q

Red Flags:

A

Constellation of age-inappropriate behaviors. (AIB)
AIB that persist across time and context
AIB that interfere with healthy development

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8
Q

Preschool Behavioral Markers of ASB (Reactive:)

A

: in response to frustration or threat.

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9
Q

Preschool Behavioral Markers of ASB (Proactive:)

A

: premeditated act intended to injure or hurt another person.

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10
Q

Ultimately, atypical developing aggression is marked by what?

A

by a proactive equality, high incidence, and stable trajectory(not aging out).

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11
Q

Noncompliance
Detection of clinical
noncompliance can occur by age two: TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

*goes hand in hand with cognitive and executive functioning development

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12
Q

Negotiating behaviors should emerge by 3: TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*Skillfully asserting alternatives

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13
Q

Unnecessarily moody, inflexible, and defiant noncompliance, that is non-response to punishment is a red flag: TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*especially if it is frequent and persists past early childhood.

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14
Q

Tantrums:

A

consider not only the age, but the pacing, duration, intensity, and predictability.

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15
Q

Particularly worrisome:

A

destruction of objects, intentional injurious behavior to self or others (caregiver), excessive frequency (5 plus/day during preschool), lasting 25 or more, substantial adult assistance to recover

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16
Q

Behaviors very proximate to crime pertaining to The child (about 5 to 10 years old) who repeatedly:

A

Disrupts

Lies

Cheats

Destroys property

Intentionally hurts people (Physically and Verbally)

CONSIDERED BEHAVIORALLY DISORDERED

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17
Q

Criteria for Behaviorally Disordered

A 
Pattern of Symptoms
At least short-term Stability
Evident in several settings
Symptoms are relatively secure
Symptoms interfere with child’s ability to navigate developmental challenges.
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18
Q

Extent of Stability

A

1 to 2 year old stability: 80%
4 to 8 year old stability: 62%
3 to 11 year old stability: 50%
3 to 15 year old stability: 50%

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19
Q

Specifically, 50% of those labeled difficult to manage, hyperactive, and inattentive at age 3 were Behavioral Disordered at age 15.
:TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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20
Q

Cumulative Continuity:

A

Early behavioral problems generate a slew of other risk factors.

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21
Q

Boys problem behavior:

A

Act out, fight, hurt, injure one another.

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22
Q

Girls internalize problems:

A

depression, eating disorders, anxiety, relational aggression.

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23
Q

In general, boys show more continuity in problem behavior over time.
:TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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24
Q

Tabla Rasa

A

Blank SLate

25
Q

Babies are born as “Blank Slates” TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE

26
Q

Newborns have different

A

Genes

Prenatal environments

Obstetrical complication

Result: different central nervous systems (i.e. brain)

Different socialization cannot explain behavioral and temperamental variation.

EXAMPLE:Does every car run equally well on the same gasoline? Is “quality of gas” randomly assigned to each car?

27
Q

Can Socialization Play a Role?

A

As time passes, Yes! But Remember

*Socialization does not occur in a vacuum on a “blank slate” infant/child. Children are “primed” to learn things as a certain level of efficiency.

28
Q

“Quality” of socialization is not randomly assigned to children. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*Leads to problems of causal inference.

29
Q

What is Development?

A

Complex mix of human systems that converge to produce behaviors.

30
Q

Humans develop physically, cognitively, emotionally, socially, etc.: TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

31
Q

How Does Social Development work?

A

Social Development is reflected in increasing context sensitivity.

32
Q

Context sensitivity

A

Awareness of contextual behavioral expectations

Awareness of how certain conduct can lead to environmental conflict

Awareness that behavioral control is necessary to navigate social world.

33
Q

Normative Development REQUIRES:

A

Increasingly advanced, but normative, cognitive functioning (memory, recall, internalized regulation)

34
Q

As children mature:

A

social experiences can reinforce “neuromuscular development”, alter epigenome as well.

35
Q

Construction of neural pathways linking axon to dendrite increases throughout life.
TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

36
Q

Delayed language development:

A

vocabulary, receptive language delays, and unintelligible speech.

37
Q

Early childhood and Infancy

A

is the time where socialization is most likely to have a long lasting effect on behavior.

38
Q

Not all socialization is equally relevant. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

39
Q

Most relevant

Socialization

A

Severe abuse.

Severe neglect (absence of bonding object)

40
Q

Abuse

A

prolonged exposure to intense stress

41
Q

What does abuse do to the brain

A

Triggers over-activation of H-P System
Stimulates excessive release of Cortisol through bloodstream, High basal levels.
Impacts developing Brain: effectively engages Sympathetic Nervous System and Shuts down higher brain functions (learning, memory, verbal abilities, etc). Ex: shock/fear

42
Q

Early social bonds matter to the extent that they are

A

virtually non-existent. (neglect)

43
Q

Two hormones:

A

oxytocin & Vasopressin related to social bond formation. High baseline levels = better bonding capabilities.

44
Q

Children of severe neglect do not

A

experience spikes in OT and vasopressin when they experience interaction with bio-matter. (two way causation possible

45
Q

Language facilitates

A

Socialization/ Relationships

Expression/ Exchange of emotions

Having your needs met

Being academically and occupationally succesful

46
Q

Language is a complex combination of symbols. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*symbolizes actions, feelings, thoughts, things etc.

47
Q

To understand language, must understand symbols. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*(frontal lobe)

48
Q

Requires abstraction:

A

categorization of input and appropriate application to multiple contexts.

49
Q

Misunderstanding of social cues increases probability of

A

inappropriate, strained, difficult interactions and reactions.

50
Q

Just like mislabeling the letters of a word can lead to

A

misinterpretation of a sentence.

51
Q

People do not inherit language

A

but do inherit the capacity for language.

52
Q

Brain most amenable to learn a language in first

A

3 or 4 years of life.

53
Q

Vocabulary is about

A

85% heritable

54
Q

60-80%

A

of children with language deficits have Behavioral problems.

55
Q

Average child-

A

child- 3,000 new words each year

56
Q

Between 86 and 98% of that shaped by

A

parent child interaction

57
Q

On average, children of professors learn 3 times as many words during childhood as children w/ parents on welfare.TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

58
Q

Parents with lower vocabularies also tend to provide more negative verbal reinforcement. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

*This reinforces a disadvantage trajectory in language and aggression

Human Behavior (4 decks)

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