0505 - Pharynx - AHF Flashcards
What are the stabilising features of the temporo-mandibular joint? Devise a table showing attachments, innervations and actions of the related muscles.
The TMJ is stabilised by:
- joint capsule (with intracapsular ligaments)
- post-glenoid tubercle
- the spheno-mandibular ligament, by limiting gliding of the mandible
- the stylo-mandibular ligament
What are the boundaries and surface features of the naso-, oro- and laryngopharynx? What is the sensory innervation of these regions?
Compare the sensory innervation of the naso-, oro- and laryngopharynx regions with the nasal cavity, oral cavity and the larynx.
Nasopharynx V2
Oropharynx IX (via plexus)
Laryngopharynx X
Nasal cavity General: V1, V2; Smell: I
Oral cavity General: V1, V2; Taste: VII, IX
Larynx X
Which ligamentous structures support the pharynx?
pharyngeobasilar fascia - forms uppermost wall of pharynx and has a line of attachment to the base of the skull
pharyngeal raphe - midline posteriorly; attached to pharyngeal tubercle on basal occipital bone
auditory tube - on line of attachment of pharyngeobasilar fascia
Describe the arrangement of the circular and longitudinal muscle fibres that form the pharyngeal walls.
Diagrammatically represent the muscles of the palate, and their actions.
Devise a table showing attachments, actions and innervations of the palatine muscles.
Briefly describe the process of deglutition.
- Mouth - voluntary
i. Tongue pushes bolus backwards
ii. Back of tongue elevated
iii. Soft palate contracts/elevates
iv. Palatopharyngeal sphincter pulls post-pharyngeal wall forwards - Pharynx - reflex
i. Hyoid bond and larynx elevated by suprahyoids
ii. Epiglottis depressed to close larynx inlet
iii. Bolus into laryngopharynx
iv. Laryngopharynx elevated (longitudinal, suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles)
v. Bolus enters oesophagus as circular fibres relax - Oesophagus
i. Bolus propelled downwards by oesophageal muscles
ii. Gastro-oesophageal sphincter relaxes
