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[11] Lymphatic System and Immunity > [05] Disorders of the Immune System > Flashcards

[05] Disorders of the Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main types of immune system disorders?

A
  • Immunodeficiencies
  • Hyperactive immune responses
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2
Q

What is an immunodeficiency?

A

A condition that weakens the immune system, reducing its ability to fight off infections and diseases

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3
Q

What causes immunodeficiencies?

A

It can be caused by genetic defects, infections, malnutrition, aging, or certain medications

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4
Q

What is a primary immunodeficiency?

A

A genetically inherited disorder that impairs the immune system

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5
Q

What is a secondary immunodeficiency?

A

An immunodeficiency caused by external factors like infections or treatments

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6
Q

What is an example of a primary immunodeficiency?

A

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

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7
Q

What is SCID?

A

A rare genetic disorder that impairs both T and B cells

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8
Q

What is an example of a secondary immunodeficiency?

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

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9
Q

What is AIDS?

A

A disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which weakens the immune system by attacking T cells

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10
Q

What is a hyperactive immune response?

A

An overreaction of the immune system to harmless substances

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11
Q

What are two examples of hyperactive immune responses?

A
  • Allergies
  • Autoimmune disorders
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12
Q

What is an allergy?

A

An exaggerated immune response to harmless substances (allergens) like pollen or dust

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13
Q

What are autoimmune disorders?

A

Diseases in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells

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14
Q

What are two examples of autoimmune disorders?

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Type 1 diabetes
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15
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

An autoimmune disorder causing chronic inflammation in the joints

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16
Q

What is Type 1 diabetes?

A

An autoimmune disorder where the immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

17
Q

What is an autoimmune reaction?

A

An immune response directed against the body’s own tissues

18
Q

What triggers an autoimmune reaction?

A

It’s not completely understood, but may involve genetic and environmental factors

19
Q

How are autoimmune disorders treated?

A

Typically with medications that suppress or modulate the immune response

20
Q

What is immunotherapy?

A

A treatment method that uses the immune system to fight diseases like cancer

[11] Lymphatic System and Immunity (5 decks)

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