05-01 Opportunistic Fungi (Ch 19)

Question 1

what stains work on fungi cell wall?

Answer 1

GMS (Gomori methenamine silver)
PAS (Periodic acid-Schiff)

Question 2

YEASTS
—Shape
—Form of Reproduction
—Examples

Answer 2

YEASTS
—Shape: oval/round
—Form of Reproduction: budding
—Examples: Candidia spp., Cryptococcus

Question 3

MOULDS
—Shape
—Form of Reproduction
—Examples

Answer 3

MOULDS
—Shape: tubular hyphae
—Form of Reproduction: grow by branching/expansion
—Examples: Aspergillus, Zygomycetes (Mucor)

Question 4

DIMORPHIC FUNGI
—Shape
—Examples

Answer 4

DIMORPHIC FUNGI
—Shape: yeast in host, mould at room temp
—Examples: Histo, Blasto, Cocci, Sporotrichosis

Question 5

Depressed cell immunity
—Caused by?
—Puts you at higher risk for which fungi?

Answer 5

Depressed cell immunity
—Caused by AIDS, chemo, transplant Rx
—Puts you at higher risk for:
a. Mucocutaneous yeast (thrush)
b. Cryptococcus & Dimorphics: (react & dissem)
c. Mould: invasion and dissemination

Question 6

Neutrophil dysfunction
—Caused by?
—Puts you at higher risk for which fungi?

Answer 6

Neutrophil dysfunction
—Caused by chemotherapy, DM
—Puts you at higher risk for invasive yeast, mould infx

Question 7

Revisit Ch 19

Answer 7

To answer the objectives:

I. To understand the meaning of the expression “opportunistic infection,” in terms of host factors and microbial pathogenesis.

II. To become familiar with clinical circumstances predisposing to infections caused by Candida, Aspergillus, the Zygomycetes, and Cryptococcus.

III. To understand the role of phagocytes and cellular immunity in defense against opportunistic fungi.

IV. To be familiar with the diverse clinical manifestations of infection with opportunistic fungi, with diagnostic methods that are applicable to these organisms, and with treatment options.