[04] Accessory Structures (Hair, Nails, Glands) Flashcards
What are the accessory structures of the integumentary system?
- Hair
- Nail
- Glands
What is the function of hair?
Provides protection, controls body temperature, and facilitates the sensation of touch
What is the main component of hair and nails?
Keratin, a tough protein
What is the function of nails?
Protects the fingertips and aids in sensation and manipulation of small objects
What are the types of skin glands?
- Sweat glands
- Sebaceous glands
What are sweat glands and what is their function?
They produce sweat, which helps regulate body temperature and eliminate waste
What are sebaceous glands and what is their function?
They secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair
What is the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?
- Eccrine sweat glands → are found all over the body and produce sweat that is mostly water.
- Apocrine sweat glands → are found in areas with lots of hair follicles like the armpit and groin, and produce a thicker sweat that can cause body odor
What is the root of the hair?
The part of the hair below the surface of the skin
What is the hair shaft?
The portion of hair that extends above the skin surface
What is the nail bed?
The skin beneath the nail plate
What is the nail plate?
The hard part of the nail, made up of layers of keratin
What is the nail root?
The base of the nail, which is the part beneath the skin
What is the lunula?
The crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail
What is the function of arrector pili muscles in the skin?
They cause hair to stand on end (“goosebumps”) when you are cold or frightened
