04 Flashcards
This is one where the home of the trip maker is either the origin
or the destination of the journey. Note that for visitors from another city their Hotel acts
as a temporary home in most studies.
HOME-BASED (HB) TRIP
one where neither end of the trip is the
home of the traveler.
NON-HOME-BASED (NHB) TRIP
the non-home end of an HB trip or the destination of
an NHB trip.
TRIP ATTRACTION
defined as the total number of trips generated by
households in a zone, be they HB or NHB. This is what most models would produce,
and the task then remains to allocate NHB trips to other zones as trip productions.
TRIP GENERATION
short period of stay in a particular location. It usually has a purpose
associated with this stay: work, study, shopping, leisure, etc.
SOJOURN
endeavor or interest often associated with a purpose as above but not
necessarily linked to a fixed location. One could choose to go shopping or to the
cinema in different locations.
ACTIVITY
A set of linked sojourns and trips. The last three concepts correspond
better to the idea of travel as derived demand (i.e. it depends strongly on the
demand for other activities) but initially were used mainly by discrete choice modelers
in practice. Contemporary models, particularly of the trip frequency type, are more
typically interested in tours.
TOUR OR TRIP CHAIN
CHARACTERISTICS OF JOURNEYS
- BY PURPOSE
- BY TIME OF DAY
- BY PERSON TYPE
TRAVEL TO WORK
TRAVEL TO SCHOOL OR COLLEGE
COMPULSORY (OR MANDATORY) TRIPS
SHOPPING TRIPS
SOCIAL AND RECREATIONAL JOURNEYS
ESCORT TRIPS
OTHER JOURNEYS
DISCRETIONARY (OR OPTIONAL) TRIPS
Trips are sometimes classified into peak and off-peak period trips; the proportion of
journeys by different purposes usually varies greatly with time of day. This type of
classification, although important, gets more complicated when tours rather than trips
are of interest, as a complete tour may comprise trips made at several times of the
day.
BY TIME OF DAY
This is another important classification, as individual travel behavior is heavily
dependent on socioeconomic attributes.
BY PERSON TYPE
FACTORS AFFECTING TRIP GENERATION
- PERSONAL TRIP PRODUCTIONS
- PERSONAL TRIP ATTRACTIONS
- FREIGHT TRIP PRODUCTIONS AND ATTRACTIONS
The most widely used factor has been roofed space available for industrial,
commercial and other services. Another factor used has been zonal employment,
and certain studies have attempted to incorporate an accessibility measure.
PERSONAL TRIP ATTRACTIONS
