04-05 Missing Persons Flashcards
What is the Rationale?
Missing person occurrences are a high-risk area of policing and must be given appropriate levels of priority and resources from the outset. Each missing person occurrence reported to the Toronto Police Service (Service) SHALL be treated as an investigation, given the potential that criminality may be uncovered at a later date.
Supervision
- Supervisory Officer notification______
- Supervisory Officer attendance mandatory for____
mandatory for all missing person investigations
Level 1 and 2 searches
A missing person is a person where both the following circumstances exist with respect to the person:
- The persons whereabouts are unknown and,
o the person has not been in contact with people who would likely be in contact with the person, or
o it is reasonable in the circumstances to fear for the person’s safety because of the circumstances surrounding the person’s absence or because of any other prescribed considerations. - A member of a police force is unable to locate the person after making reasonable efforts to do so.
When someone is reported as missing or lost to the Service, a
full missing person eReport SHALL be taken in all instances and completed in accordance with this Procedure.
If there is any uncertainty determining whether or not the preliminary information gathered meets the threshold of the definition, a supervisor SHALL contact the Homicide – Missing Persons Unit (MPU) for consultation. If it is determined not to be a missing person, the call-type SHALL be modified with the assistance of Communications Services. All reports of missing persons are accepted at the time that they are made and given full consideration and attention regardless of:
- where the missing person resides
- where the reportee resides
- the reportee’s relationship to the missing person
- the length of time the person has been missing; or
- the missing person’s age, sex, race, citizenship, ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, belief, social standing, disability or lifestyle.
A citizen requesting information about another citizen’s whereabouts either electronically or by telephone SHALL be
directed to the Officer in Charge. The Officer in Charge SHALL determine whether it is appropriate to release the requested information.
Risk Assessments
There are three (3) levels of investigative response to missing person cases. All missing person cases SHALL be treated presumptively as _____When completing a risk assessment, consideration will be given to all factors, including ____ In addition, irrelevant and stereotypical assumptions and misconceptions will not be considered.
high risk unless and until a risk assessment or other available information reasonably supports a different approach.
the elevated risks often associated with marginalized, vulnerable or disadvantaged community members.
Initial Risk Assessment
The initial level of investigative response required is determined with information collected on the______. The initial risk assessment will be completed as soon as practicable and promptly reviewed by supervisors for all missing person cases.
TPS 260 and TPS 260A. These forms are an investigative aid that are utilized to assist responding officers, supervisors and the Officer in Charge in assessing the level of risk, urgency, and to determine the appropriate level of investigative response and search that is required
Ongoing Risk Assessment
The level of risk and required investigative response will be regularly re-evaluated as an ongoing process throughout the investigation.
The ongoing risk assessment is recorded on the
Risk Response Text Template in the original eReport and will be utilized throughout the investigation to record all new information as it becomes known, as well as details, assignments, investigative results and next steps.
Major Case Designation for Missing Persons
All cases of missing persons where circumstances indicate a strong possibility that the missing person has been the victim of homicide, an assault causing serious bodily harm, abduction or kidnapping meet the criteria as a _____. This includes the strong possibility of being victimized by crime, or other factors that elevate concerns about the missing person. As such, all missing person occurrences where the strong possibility cannot reasonably be excluded, or the missing person’s life or safety may be at serious risk SHALL be treated as a major case. Therefore, an accredited Major Case Manager SHALL lead the investigation.
Missing person cases, where it has yet to be determined whether the missing person has been victimized by crime and the individual remains unaccounted for thirty (30) days after being reported missing, SHALL be deemed_____
In cases where it is suspected, or unusual circumstances are encountered, ____
major case pursuant to the Ontario Major Case Management Manual
a major case pursuant to the Ontario Major Case Management Manual for the purpose of utilizing the Ministry approved software (PowerCase).
the collection of DNA will be conducted under the direction of Detective Operations – Forensic Identification Services (FIS).
Missing Persons Unit (MPU)
The MPU is the centralized unit for the Service that is responsible for developing and maintaining a consistent process and investigative response for all occurrences of persons missing in the City of Toronto, or on the way to/from the City of Toronto. This includes both newly reported and historic cases of missing persons and unidentified human remains. Members of the MPU SHALL:
- deploy when required, provide divisional support and guidance during missing person investigations
- engage divisional personnel on all missing person cases that meet the threshold criteria outlined in the MPU Notification Protocol
- monitor and review every missing person report
- ensure standardized investigations and a consistent process of review across the Service
- maintain continuity and consistency of file management
- ensure collaboration of partners to leverage all available resources that may be utilized for both investigative assistance, information and community mobilization
- enhance Service commitment to a victim-centered approach to all missing person occurrences (victim support/victim management); and
- identify organizational training needs and ensure they are addressed.
- The MPU is available as a resource to all units in the Service, and will ensure accountability, provide direction, guidance, follow-up and support to divisional investigators. The overall responsibility of the investigation remains with the division.
MPU Notification Protocol
The MPU is available twenty-four (24) hours a day and the on-call member SHALL be notified via Toronto Police Operations Centre (TPOC) in the following instances:
- missing person is a child (0-12 years)
- missing person is elderly (65+)
- missing person has cognitive impairment
- missing person exhibits suicidal behavior
- strong possibility of being victimized by crime
- missing person is a sex trade worker
- case is multi-jurisdictional
- require clarity on case ownership / assignment
- require further investigative support
- believe to be consistent with pattern or trend of ongoing missing persons or criminal cases
- unnatural sudden death involving the discovery of unidentified human remains; and
- any other situation with the likelihood of imminent or serious harm
The MPU will take carriage of unidentified human remains occurrences after thirty (30) days. At the discretion of the Unit Commander – Homicide and Missing Persons, missing person occurrences may be assigned directly to the MPU.
Missing Persons Act
The Missing Persons Act came into effect on July 1, 2019. This legislation will assist police officers investigating missing person occurrences by providing them with the ability, in certain circumstances, to:
- obtain a court order for a person or entity to produce records that would assist in locating a missing person
- obtain a search warrant to allow entry onto a premises to locate a missing person; and
- make an urgent demand for records without judicial authorization.
If it is determined that a search warrant or, in exigent circumstances, an urgent demand for records may further the investigation, police officers SHALL comply with the relevant direction contained in this Procedure.
National Missing Persons DNA Program
The National Missing Persons DNA Program (NMPDP) is designed to be utilized as an additional resource with ongoing missing person investigations. The NMPDP is a
Joint effort of the National Centre for Missing Persons and Unidentified Remains (NCMPUR) and the National DNA Data Bank (NDDB).
Divisional Resources and Checklist
Divisional Unit Commanders SHALL ensure that a list of local resources is created and maintained to assist personnel assigned to missing person searches. Information may include, but is not limited to listings for
- community centres, pools, arenas, libraries
- places of worship
- schools
- shopping malls
- transportation facilities (bus terminals, train stations, etc.)
- hotels/motels
- hostels & withdrawal management centres (formerly known as detoxification centres)
- social service agencies, drop in centres
- hospitals
- private security agencies operating in the division
Additionally, the Missing Person Coordinators assigned to the MPU SHALL develop and maintain a list of community resources and contacts from social services, public health and other community organizations and agencies that can be utilized to advance missing person investigations. Upon request a current list of these community resources is available to assist investigators.
Search Levels
The primary objective of the search is to find the missing person as quickly as possible and in the best possible condition. The search for missing persons is divided into three levels of operation:
- Level 3 Missing Person Search
- Level 2 Missing Person Search
- Level 1 Missing Person Search
Depending upon the circumstances, the search can begin at any one of the three levels but does not preclude the steps in the previous levels, if appropriate.
- Level 2 and Level 1 searches SHALL be conducted using the Incident Management System
The investigative response SHALL be based on the totality of the circumstances of the disappearance that are known, or as they evolve. The search response to a missing person SHALL be closely correlated to the risk assessment process.
If there is any ambiguity regarding the appropriate level of investigative response and search that is required, in consultation with the supervisor, Officer in Charge, MPU and On-Call Search Manager, the Duty Inspector will determine the appropriate level of investigative response.
BOLOs
A ‘Be On the Look Out’ (BOLO) request is generated when a
missing person eReport is created. Records Management Services – Operations (RMS – Ops) is responsible for posting the BOLO.
Reporting
When a person has been reported missing to the Service, officers SHALL utilize the
Missing Person Phone-In process by contacting RMS – Ops via telephone to generate the required missing person eReport. This process will simplify data entry requirements for officers, and ensure the missing person is entered onto the Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC) immediately.
Reporting
In all instances:
- a missing person eReport SHALL be completed
- the person’s information SHALL be entered onto CPIC as missing
- the supervisory officer SHALL be notified, and
- an investigation SHALL be commenced.
- Under no circumstances will the report of a missing person be entered as an ‘Incident’.
When a person is reported missing by a reportee in person at a division, the reportee SHALL not be directed to attend a different division.
If the person is being reported missing at a Service facility other than a police division, members may contact the division responsible for that area to attend and conduct an investigation.
Reporting Reference Guide
When the missing person category has been established through the Reporting Reference Guide, refer to the corresponding directions below.
Category A -
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is a resident of the City of Toronto
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- Division Reportee Resides
Category B -
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is known
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- Division Reportee Resides
Category C -
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is unknown
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- Division Reportee Resides
Category D -
- Reportee is situated outside the City of Toronto
- Missing person is a resident of the City of Toronto
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- Division Missing Person Resides
Category E -
- Reportee is situated outside the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is known
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- Division Missing Person Last Known to Be
Category F -
- Reportee is situated outside the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is unknown
Responsible for Initial Report & Response
- TPOC To Determine
Missing Person (A)
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is a resident of the City of Toronto
The division receiving the report of a missing person SHALL
* conduct the initial investigation
* complete the applicable eReports
* if the division receiving the report for the missing person is not the division where the missing person resides, immediately
o provide the eReport number to the Officer in Charge of the division where the missing person resides
o record the name, rank and badge number of the Officer in Charge contacted in the eReport
The division where the missing person resides SHALL conduct a follow–up investigation.
Missing Person (B)
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is known
The division receiving the report of a missing person SHALL
* conduct the initial investigation
* complete the applicable eReports
* if the division receiving the report for the missing person is not the division responsible for the area from which the person is missing, immediately
o provide the eReport number to the Officer in Charge of the division responsible for the area from which the person is missing
o record the name, rank and badge number of the Officer in Charge contacted in the eReport
The division responsible for the area where the person is missing from SHALL conduct a follow–up investigation.
Missing Person (C)
- Reportee is situated in the City of Toronto
- Missing person is not a resident of the City of Toronto
- Area the person is missing from is unknown
The division receiving the report of a missing person SHALL
* conduct the initial investigation
* complete the applicable eReports
* conduct a follow-up investigation
* add any new information in the original eReport until the missing person is located or further information is received concerning the whereabouts of the missing person that identifies an area where the person may be located or was missing from
* if further information is received about the area from which the person is missing, provide the eReport number to the Officer in Charge of the division responsible for that area for follow– up investigation
Missing Person (D)
- Reportee is situated outside the City of Toronto
- Missing person is a resident of the City of Toronto
The unit receiving a report of a missing person SHALL transfer the reportee to the division where the missing person resides.
The division where the missing person resides SHALL
* advise the reportee that a member of the police service having jurisdiction where the reportee is currently situated will attend to speak with them
* generate a CPIC message to the local police service requesting
o an officer from the local police service attend and speak with the reportee
o the name, rank, badge number, and contact information of the officer from the local police service who is attending to conduct the initial investigation, be forwarded by CPIC message to the TPS division conducting the investigation
o all information obtained during the initial investigation be forwarded by facsimile to the TPS division conducting the investigation
* complete the applicable eReports, including the results of the investigation conducted by the local police service.
The division where the missing person resides shall conduct a follow–up investigation.