031.2 Web Application Architecture

Question 1

Broad meaning in technical jargon usually describes a traditional program executed locally and self-sufficient in its purpose

Operating interface and data processing components are integrated into a sing package.

Answer 1

Application

Question 2

Adopts client/server model and its client portion is based on HTML that is obtained from the server and rendered by a browser

Answer 2

Web Application

Question 3

Work done locally and provides an interface to the user and to layout the content in an attractive manner.

Answer 3

client side

Question 4

Work done remotely to run the business end of the applcation.

Answer 4

server side

Question 5

Main component of web browsers
Chrome, Edge - blink
safari - WebKit
Firefox - Gecko

Answer 5

rendering agent.

Question 6

A mechanism that allows you to package web application clients for offline use and limited to functions that do not require immediate communication with the server

Answer 6

Progressive Web Apps (PWA)

Question 7

Regardless of deliver method, apps written in this run on an abstraction layer created by the engine that functions as an isolated execution environment.

Answer 7

HTML

Question 8

The central element of a web app client that runs on the server and contains the addresses for all files required for the correct presentation and operation of the client.

Answer 8

HTML document.

Question 9

HTML alone does not have much versatility to build more elaborate interfaces and does not have
general-purpose programming features.

Answer 9

For this reason, an HTML document that should function as a client application is always accompanied by one or more sets of CSS and JavaScript

Question 10

Main purpose is to adjust the appearance and layout of the elements of the HTML interface

Answer 10

CSS
Cascading Style Sheets

Question 11

Procedures written with this respond to events in the browser and allows you to extend interactivity beyond hyperlinks and forms - making the page displayed by the browser like a conventional app interface.

Answer 11

JavaScript

Question 12

term used in JavaScript is a global object with properties and methods that can be used to obtain information from any element on the HTML document

Answer 12

document

Question 13

Client apps based on web technologies can run on any device that has a compatible web browser and thus are

Answer 13

multiplatform

Question 14

A feature that significantly improves the performance of JavaScript applications running on the browser and is a kind of compiled JavaScript that produces source code written in a more efficient language such as C

Accellerates mainly processor-intensive activities because it avoids much of the translation performed by browsers when running a program written in conventional JavaScript.

Answer 14

WebAssembly

Question 15

Displays messages and switches between message folders without leaving the page

Answer 15

Webmail client

Question 16

Widely used for communication in web apps because it is based on basic methods available in HTTP

Answer 16

Representational State Transfer paradigm (REST)

Question 17

HTTP request starts with a keyword that defines the basic operation to be performed
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE

accompanied by a corresponding URL where the action will be applied.

Answer 17

HTTP Header

Question 18

This is both the main actor in a web app and the passive side of the communication just responding to requests made by the client

Answer 18

Server

Question 19

y require specific configuration changes to meet
the needs of the application.

Answer 19

HTTP servers, such as Apache and NGINX

Question 20

raditional HTTP servers directly associate the path
indicated in the request to a file on the local file system.

Answer 20

By default

Question 21

all request mapping and corresponding programming are implemented using JavaScript

Answer 21

Node.js Express

Question 22

convenient way to keep static content—images, JavaScript and CSS code that do not change in the short term—as
conventional files, either on the server’s own file system or distributed across

Answer 22

Content Deliver Network (CDN)

Question 23

Other kinds of content, such as email messages in a webmail application, product details in a shopping application, and transaction logs, are more conveniently stored in a

Answer 23

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 24

The most traditional type of database management system the application designer defines data tables and the input format accepted by each table. The set of
tables in the database contains all the dynamic data consumed and produced by the application.

Answer 24

relational database

Question 25

The most popular relational database language

Answer 25

Structured Query Language (SQL, pronounced
“sequel”), adopted by the open source databases SQLite, MySQL, MariaDB, and PostgreSQL.

Question 26

An alternative to relational databases is a form of database that does not require a rigid structure
for the data. These databases are called

Although they may incorporate some features similar to those found in relational databases, the focus is on
allowing greater flexibility in storage and access to stored data, passing the task of processing that
data to the application itself. MongoDB, CouchDB, and Redis are common non-relational database
management systems

Answer 26

non-relational databases

NoSQL

Question 27

Regardless of the database model adopted, applications have to add data and probably update it
over the life span of the applications. In some applications, such as webmail, users themselves
provide data to the database when using the client to send and receive messages. In other cases,
such as in the shopping application, it’s important to allow the application’s maintainers to modify
the database without having to resort to programming. Many organizations therefore adopt some kind of and allows non-technical users to administer the app.

Answer 27

Content Management System (CMS)

Question 28

Client used by ordinary users

Answer 28

non-privileged clients

Question 29

Client used by by special users to maintain and update the information presented by the application

Answer 29

privileged clients

Question 30

What feature do modern browsers offer to overcome the poor performance of CPU-intensive web application clients?

Answer 30

The developers can use WebAssembly to implement the CPU-intensive parts of the client
application. WebAssembly code generally has better performance than traditional JavaScript,
because it requires less translation of instructions.

Question 31

If a web application uses the REST paradigm for client/server communication, which HTTP
method should be used when the client requests the server to erase a specific resource?

Answer 31

REST relies on standard HTTP methods, so it should use the standard DELETE method in this
case.

Question 32

Cite five server scripting languages supported by the Apache HTTP server

Answer 32

PHP, Go, Perl, Python, and Ruby.

Question 33

Why are non-relational databases considered easier to maintain and upgrade than relational
databases?

Answer 33

Unlike relational databases, non-relational databases do not require data to fit rigid predefined
structures, making it easier to implement changes in the data structures without affecting
existing data