03 - URLs, IP Addresses, and DNS Flashcards
application layer
dns protocol
http, https
transport layer
udp, tcp
internet layer
internet protocol
network access layer
network access
URI
Uniform Resource Identifier
sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource
URI
URI identifies a resource by either ___ or ____
location
name
URN
Uniform Resource Name
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
most common way of identifying resources on the web
URL
At minimum, URLs need a ___ and ___
protocol
domain name
declares how the browser should communicate with the server
protocol
name of your website
domain name
domain names can be broken down into two
subdomains
top-level domain
designates a specific area of your site
subdomain
refers to a file, resource or directory in the server
path
commonly found in the URL of dynamic web pages
query
query is preceded by the __ symbol
?
key-value pairs separated by the & symbol
parameter
type of software connection point, preceded by :
port
common default ports (4)
21 : file transfer
25 : simple mail transfer
80 : http
443 : https
internal reference to part of a page, marked by a # symbol
fragment
fragments are sometimes called
named anchor
Identify the domain, port, query, fragment based from this link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ
Domain: www.youtube.com
Port: 443
Query: ?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ
Fragment: N/A
provides an unreliable, connectionless delivery system used by machines
internet protocol
2 major versions of IP
IPv4
IPv6
IPv4 addresses are composed of ____ numbers
4 8-bit
IPv6 addresses are composed of ___ numbers
8 4-digit hexadecimal
hierarchical naming system for resources on the Web
domain name system
process of retrieving the IP address associated with a domain name
domain name resolution
maps of domain names to IP addresses
dns records
connects to dns servers to request records using the dns protocol
dns client
stores the master copies of the dns records
authoritative dns servers
cache commonly requested records
recursive dns servers
how do you put your dns record in a dns server?
pay a lease to a dns registrar to add your domain name and associated Ip address to the DNS registry
nonprofit organization responsible for coordination and maintenance of databases related to internet namespaces
internet corporation for assigned names and numbers (icann)
department under ICANN that coordinates DNS root, ip addressing, and other ip resources
internet assigned numbers authority (IANA)
the last segment of a domain name
top-level domains
2 types of TLDs
generic
country code
most common of the tlds; anyone can register with little restriction
generic tld
restricted to a country or any dependent territory identified with a country code
country code tld
Identify the domain, subdomain, and top-level domain of:
http://ics.uplb.edu.ph
tld: ph
subdomain of ph: edu
subdomain of edu: uplb
subdomain of uplb: ics
domain: ics.uplb.edu.ph
