02_ADME Flashcards
What does ADME stand for?
A: Absorption
D: Distribution
M: Metabolism
E: Excretion
Define Absorption?
Movement of the drug from its site of administration to the systemic circulation.
Define Distribution ?
Movement of the drug TO and FROM
1) circulation
2) various tissues
3) organs in the body.
Define Metabolism ?
Chemical modification of a drug, most often associated with the liver (hepatic metabolism).
Define Excretion ?
Removal of the intact drug, primarily via the kidneys (renal filtration) and liver (biliary secretion).
What does Cp stands for?
_Cp = plasma Concentration (ng/mL)
What is Cp in pharmacokinetics?
_Drug concentration in plasma or serum
**How is the Cp-time curve sketched for an IV bolus?
_A: Instantaneous
_D: Not directly visualized
_M and E: Indicated by the drop in Cp over time = showing drug elimination.
How can we calculate Clearance using the Cp curve?
CL= D / AUC
D= the drug dose
What is the Area Under the Curve (AUC)?
AUC = drug exposure
How is the log Cp plot useful?
_When the y-axis is changed to log Cp, the Cp-time data points for most drugs fall on a line.
_The slope of the line is related to kel, the elimination rate constant.
What is kel and how is it related to half-life?
_kel: The elimination rate constant with units of inverse time.
_Half-life: Calculated from kel, it represents the time required for the drug’s plasma concentration to reduce by half.
What does a high Vd mean?
A higher Vd (volume per kg) indicates the drug FAVORS distributing into the body’s tissues VS remaining only in the plasma.
Formula of Clearance?
What are parameters that can be calculate with the Cp time curve?
1) Elimination= ∆Cp / ∆t
2) AUC= Cp*time ((ng.h)/mL)
3) Clearance=(Dose ) / AUC
