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020302 > 020302c - Suspended Concrete Slabs > Flashcards

020302c - Suspended Concrete Slabs Flashcards

1
Q

What is punching shear?

A

The tendency for a column to punch through a slab if the slab is heavily loaded.

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2
Q

What is a column capital?

A

An enlargement or flaring out of the top of the column to increase the bearing area of the column where if supports the slab.

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3
Q

What is a drop panel?

A

A thickening of the slap over column locations that strengthens the slab over the top of column where the stresses are the greatest.

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4
Q

Can column capital and drop panels be used together?

A

Yes. Commonly found in parkades where the loading is heavier.

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5
Q

What is beam and slab?

A

They are used to increase spans or the distance between columns, girders or beans are incorporated and poured monolithically with the slab.

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6
Q

What are the two main methods of forming suspend slabs?

A

Stationary forming and fly forming.

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7
Q

Who is responsible for the formwork design and election drawings for suspended slab construction?

A

Architects and engineers

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8
Q

_____ slab forming is best suited for non-typical work or for situations where it would not be economical or feasible to move large sections of formwork by crane.

A

Stationary

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9
Q

What are the main components of stationary slab formwork?

A

Plywood decking, joists, stringers and shoring.

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10
Q

For wood shores what is used to make small height adjustments?

A

Two wood wedges cut at a slope of 1:12 in opposing directions.

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11
Q

Plywood scabs attached with double-headed nails are used to reinforce the joint between the posts and the stringers. T or F.

A

T

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12
Q

A shore post is an individual load-carrying member. T or F

A

T

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13
Q

Metal shores with a threaded collar under the pin are sometimes known as ____-_____.

A

Jack-shores

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14
Q

Modular shoring frames are commonly used for slab forming mainly because of their lateral stability. T or F

A

T

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15
Q

Both Jack screws and U-heads should be used with no more than ____ of their overall length projecting out of the shoring frame.

A

2/3rds

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16
Q

Are U-heads and adjustable screw legs interchangeable?

A

Yes. Ubolts can be used if timbers are used as mud sills and jacks if they are properly attached to beams or stringers.

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17
Q

Never mix different materials or devices for shores. T or F

A

T

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18
Q

Always support shoring of any kind on frozen, unstable or water-saturated ground. T or F

A

F. Never.

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19
Q

What is the slenderness ratio?

A

The maximum unsupported length for a shore post should be no more than 50 times the smallest dimension. Eg. An 89 x 89 posts used as shore can have a maximum 50 x 89 = 4450 mm heights without lateral support.

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20
Q

Only one bay needs to be cross-braced in regards to shore posts. T or F

A

T. Horizontal bracing can be installed to extend the stability.

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21
Q

Lacing should be installed slightly under the midpoint of the shore posts. T or F

A

F. Above the midpoint.

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22
Q

_______ are supported by the shoring system and act like beans to carry the rest of the slab forming materials.

A

Stringers

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23
Q

How many wedges are needed for blocking a U-head?

A

2 wedges

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24
Q

What are three common types of joists used for slab forming?

A

Wood trusses, aluminum I joists, triangular pressed steel shapes

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25
Q

Aluminium joists should be ensured to not be overlapped. T or F

A

T. This creates a difference in height for the plywood decking and creates a stress point on the lower flange.

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26
Q

Joists are usually bypassed rather than butt for suspended slab forming. T or F

A

T

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27
Q

When cutting plywood decking around columns for stationary forming, are U-shaped cuts used?

A

No they should be avoided because they are almost impossible to strip. Corner cuts are okay.

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28
Q

What is a wrecking strip?

A

A narrow strip of dimension lumber. If can be stripped and wrecked with crowbars, which allows the full plywood sheets to be stripped more easily without edge damage.

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29
Q

Short pieces of plywood should only be supported by two joists. T or F

A

F. They should be supported by atleast 3 joists.

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30
Q

The permanent shore method of slab forming involved the use of specialized shore posts with top devices, called ____ _____.

A

Drop heads

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31
Q

Drop panels are always formed first. T or F

A

T

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32
Q

On larger columns, what is done to allow for more possibilities in installing joists around the column?

A

A three-layer rafting or grillage system.

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33
Q

In beam and slab forms, _____ ____ form the perimeter of the building.

A

Spandrel beams

34
Q

Spandrel beams may be deeper and thicker than regular beans in that they support the floor slab an usually also support the load of the exterior walls. T or F

A

T

35
Q

A _____ must be provided at the perimeter of any kind of slab form for the edge forms and bracing.

A

Catwalk.

36
Q

What is camber?

A

An intentional upward curvature in a beam of slab to counteract the natural tendency for any horizontal structural component to sag under load.

37
Q

What is the name given to the floor system where joists and beams are not used and the floor slab is carried by drop panels and/or capitals over the columns?

A

Flat slab

38
Q

What is the difference between flat plate and flat slab?

A

Flat plate does not use capitals or drop panels.

39
Q

What type of concrete floor construction incorporates the use of a drop panel at the top of columns?

A

Flat slab floor system

40
Q

Which type of floor system often uses a drop panel?

A

Flat slab

41
Q

Which of the following is used in the forming of a waffle slab:

A) Dome pans
B) two-way soffits

A

Dome pans

42
Q

When a system makes use of columns to support a uniformly thick floor, what is it called?

A

Flat plate

43
Q

Which type of floor system do column capitals carry?

A

Flat slab

44
Q

What is the name of the floor system where the reinforced slab rests directly on the columns?

A

Flat plate

45
Q

Workers moving back and forth on the deck is an example of what kind of force?

A

Lateral

46
Q

How is a spandrel tie anchored at the top of a spandrel beam?

A

Double walers on the outside and a pointed hook tie on the inside.

47
Q

What is the danger of placing shores on frozen ground?

A

Thawing could occur and cause settlement

48
Q

Which type of bracing is used to resist lateral forces on slab formwork?

A

Cross bracing and lacing

49
Q

In order to plumb and align spandrel beam sides the braces should be secured to?

A

Walers

50
Q

What is the purpose of placing horizontal members along a row of restoring posts?

A

It prevents the posts from buckling.

51
Q

What is the temporary platform extending on the outside of spandrel beans or similar forms called?

A

Catwalk

52
Q

What design feature should be built in to counteract settlement of the slab form due to the placement of concrete?

A

Camber

53
Q

What is camber?

A

An intentional upward curvature in a beam or slab to counteract the natural tendency for any horizontal structural component to sag under load.

54
Q

What is the main advantage of fly forms?

A

Erection time is saved when several floors are formed the same

55
Q

Which crane attachment is used to move table forms and shore less forms?

A

C-hook

56
Q

Which style of concrete floor is most suitable for apartment buildings?

A

Flat Plate

57
Q

What is another term for waffle slab?

A

Two-way joists.

58
Q

What type of hardware is used when suspending forms between steel beams?

A

Saddle hangers

59
Q

What potential problem must be resolved when forming void slabs?

A

The void forms (tubes or foam blocks) are usually light weight and tend to rise. They must either be tied down with wire loops or metal banding or be sandwiched between the upper and lower Mars of reinforcing steel.

60
Q

Which design of form slab is appropriate for the heavier load in a parkade?

A

Flat slab with column capitals or drop panels.

61
Q

Which style of floor slab forming incorporates dome pans?

A

Waffle slab (2-way joists)

62
Q

Which support member is used on top of shores to support the joists?

A

Stringers

63
Q

What is the recommended slope of wood wedges used under shore posts?

A

1:12

64
Q

Mud sills under shoring should never be constructed on top of _____, _____ or _______ ground.

A

Frozen, unstable, water-saturated

65
Q

Tall, slender wood shores may buckle under load unless _____ or _____ is installed.

A

Bracing, or lacing

66
Q

The correct method of securing narrow stringers into wide U-heads is to install ___________________.

A

Two wedges, one from each side in opposite directions.

67
Q

What should be installed in place of narrow strips of plywood when decking a slab form?

A

Dimension lumber

68
Q

What is wrong with short lengths of plywood decking that only have two supports?

A

It creates a simple span which may cause excessive deflection or failure.

69
Q

The shortest piece of plywood used for suspended slab decking should be ____ or ____ joist spacing.

A

2 or preferably 3

70
Q

What feature is important when installing slab edge construction joints?

A

All material below the top mat of rebar should be made from short lengths that are removable.

71
Q

What is the advantage of using three-layer rafting of beams around a drop panel form?

A

This method allows for more possibilities in installing joists around a column.

72
Q

What are the two functions of a spandrel beam?

A

They support the floor slab AND the perimeter curtain (exterior) walls

73
Q

What type of form ties may be used at the top and bottom of spandrel beams?

A

Spandrel tie at top, pass through at bottom

74
Q

What is the definition of a restore?

A

A reshore is a vertical support member for a freshly stripped suspended slab.

75
Q

List 4 important features of reshore installation.

A
  1. Positioned directly below upper shores (load points).
  2. Plumb
  3. Installed just snug and not overtightened
76
Q

If a beam and slab design floor is done with fly forms, what is the recommended slope of the vertical beam side forms?

A

A significant slope of 10:1 to allow for stripping

77
Q

Which style of concrete floor systems closely resembles a residential wood floor?

A

One way joist system

78
Q

What safety device must be used when moving fly forms?

A

A tag line

79
Q

Typical dimension lumber such as 2 x 8s are commonly used for slab forming. T of F

A

F. They are tall and narrowness and are unstable for workers to walk on if the lumber is not nailed in position.

80
Q

Why might a spandrel beam be thicker?

A

It may be thicker because they support the floor slab and usually also support the load of the exterior walls.

020302 (6 decks)

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