02 History of I/O Psychology

Question 1

3 direct influencers of I/O psychology

Answer 1

1. Adam Smith
2. Karl Marx
3. Francis Galton

Question 2

[Direct Influencers]

Considered the Father of Modern Capitalism

Answer 2

Adam Smith

Question 3

[Direct Influencers]

Adam Smith studied the capitalistic order of production and came up with this conclusion

Answer 3

self-interest and division of labor create wealth

Question 4

[Direct Influencers]

Karl Marx believed that since ordinary workers do not own the means of production, they are what?

Answer 4

likely to be exploited for the benefit of the owners

Question 5

[Direct Influencers]

Galton’s major contribution to I/O psychology

Answer 5

statistical methods, which were used in job testing and selection

Question 6

[Direct Influencers]

Galton invented this statistical test

Answer 6

t-test

Question 7

[Direct Influencers]

What is Galton’s hidden agenda?

Answer 7

Proving that Caucasians are intellectually superior than colored people

Question 8

2 founding fathers of I/O psychology

Answer 8

Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott

Question 9

[Founding Fathers]

Considered the Father of Industrial Psychology

Answer 9

Hugo Munsterberg

Question 10

[Founding Fathers]

Munsterberg addressed (blank) and (blank)

Answer 10

personnel selection and equipment design

Question 11

[Founding Fathers]

Scott pioneered the use of psychology for what?

Answer 11

production of more effective ads

Question 12

[Founding Fathers]

Munsterberg or Scott – who had significant contributions in WWI?

Answer 12

Scott

Question 13

[Founding Fathers]

Munsterberg or Scott – who was a student of Wilhelm Wundt?

Answer 13

both Munsterberg and Scott

Question 14

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Created the Psychological Corporation

Answer 14

James McKeen Cattell

Question 15

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

The service offered by Psychological Corporation

Answer 15

reference checks on prospective psychologists for companies

Question 16

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Started the first academic program for industrial psychology

Answer 16

Walter VanDyke Bingham

Question 17

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Combined psychology and engineering to enhance efficiency

Answer 17

Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Moller Gilbreth

Question 18

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

The Gilbreths primarily conducted studies in what?

Answer 18

time and motion

Question 19

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Considered the first true I/O psychologist

Answer 19

Lillian Moller Gilbreth

Question 20

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Invented of the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests for WWI

Answer 20

Robert Mearns Yerkes

Question 21

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

An intelligence test used for literate soldiers in WWI

Answer 21

Army Alpha

Question 22

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

An intelligence test used for illiterate soldiers in WWI

Answer 22

Army Beta

Question 23

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology]

Advocated for people-oriented organizations

Answer 23

Mary Parker Follett

Question 24

Follett laid the groundwork for the concepts of (blank) and (blank)

Answer 24

teamwork and group cohesiveness

Question 25

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology] Also considered a founding father of I/O psychology and scientific management

Answer 25

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Question 26

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology] Taylor primarily studied (blank) and (blank)

Answer 26

employee productivity and efficiency

Question 27

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology] True or False -- Taylor was sued for accusations of employee exploitation

Answer 27

true, due to his obsession with efficiency

Question 28

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology] True or False -- Taylor believed that employees should be hired based on their characteristics related to the job

Answer 28

true

Question 29

[Pioneers of I/O Psychology] True or False -- Yerkes popularized coffee drinking by developing taglines for Maxwell House

Answer 29

false, it was John Watson

Question 30

This refers to a series of studies that investigated different aspects of work environment and employee productivity

Answer 30

Hawthorne studies

Question 31

The company involved in the Hawthorne studies

Answer 31

Western Electric in Illinois

Question 32

True or False -- Lighting influenced productivity in the Hawthorne studies

Answer 32

false, lighting had no impact

Question 33

True or False -- Accd to the Hawthorne studies, social and psychological conditions had more impact than physical conditions on worker productivity

Answer 33

true

Question 34

Researchers of the Hawthorne studies sought the help of this psychologist

Answer 34

Elton Mayo

Question 35

Mayo is considered the Father of (blank)

Answer 35

Father of the Human Relations Movement

Question 36

Mayo discovered this phenomenon

Answer 36

Hawthorne effect

Question 37

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Answer 37

People being observed modify their behavior and are motivated to perform better

Question 38

Accd to the Hawthorne studies, these are key ingredients in increasing employee productivity

Answer 38

listening and paying attention to employees

Question 39

True or False -- The Hawthorne studies launched the industrial side of I/O psychology

Answer 39

false, the Hawthorne studies launched the organizational side

Question 40

Considered as the Founder of Modern Social Psychology

Answer 40

Kurt Zadek Lewin

Question 41

Lewin studied (blank)

Answer 41

leadership styles

Question 42

Lewin is an advocate of what?

Answer 42

participative management techniques

Question 43

[1960s] A prominent yet controversial intervention method used by managers for confrontations

Answer 43

t-groups or lab groups

Question 44

[1960s] True or False -- T-groups usually involved an outsider to facilitate and was done within the office

Answer 44

false, outsiders do facilitate but they were typically conducted outside the office

Question 45

[1970s] There was increased concern for (blank) and (blank)

Answer 45

employee satisfaction and motivation

Question 46

[1970s] There was also the increased use of this technique in the workplace

Answer 46

behavior modification, c/o Skinner

Question 47

[1980s-1990s] True or False -- The use of statistical techniques emerged in this period

Answer 47

true

Question 48

[1980s-1990s] True or False -- This period saw the application of social psychology to the workplace

Answer 48

false, it was cognitive psychology

Question 49

[1980s-1990s] True or False -- Studies on the impact of work on family life and leisure activities emerged

Answer 49

true

Question 50

[1980s-1990s] top 2 prominent selection instruments

Answer 50

cognitive ability testing and structured interviews

Question 51

[1980s-1990s] top 3 organizational development interventions

Answer 51

1. total quality management (TQM) 2. reengineering 3. employee empowerment

Question 52

[1980s-1990s] True or False -- Concern for diversity and gender issues emerged in this period

Answer 52

true

Question 53

[1980s-1990s] True or False -- Downsizing was not a prominent issue in this period

Answer 53

false

Question 54

[2000s] top 3 trends in this period

Answer 54

1. internet 2. demographic makeup of the workforce 3. global economy