02 - disorders of the testes

Question 1

(Cx)

1. infertility common - may be no Cx
2. feminization can result from what type of tumors?

Answer 1

2. Sertoli cell tumors

Question 2

(Px)

1. cryptorchid testicles are often found where?
2. enlargement of one testicle suggest neoplasia, granuloma, spermatocele, variocele, inflammation, or torsion

Answer 2

1. lateral to prepuce or in inguinal area

Question 3

(dx)

(brucellosis)

1. usually use what test?

Answer 3

1. rapid slide agglutination test

(false positives common - confirm positives with serology)

Question 4

(dx)

(imaging)

1. ultrasound can detect undescended testicles or tumors

Question 5

(dx)

(semen evaluation)

1. comes in three fractions:

clear prostatic fluid -> milky sperm rich -> clear prostatic fluid

Question 6

(semen evaluation)

1. blood suggests what?
2. non-opaque second fraction suggests what?

Answer 6

1. traumatic collection or prostatic dz
2. oligospermia (low sperm conc)

Question 7

(semen eval)

(sperm count)

1. normal ejaculate contains more than how many sperm cells?

Answer 7

1. 200 million

Question 8

(semen evaluation)

(motility and morphology)

1. what % of sperm should be motile?
2. shouldn’t have greater thatn what % of morph abnormalities?

Answer 8

1. 70%
2. 20%

Question 9

(semen evaluation)

Answer 9

Question 10

(congenital disordes)

(cryptorchidism)

1. common hereditary disorder
2. uni or bi more common?
3. tx of choice?

Answer 10

2. uni
3. castraction

Question 11

(congenital disorders)

(testicular feminization syndrome)

1. chromosomes?
2. inheritance?

Answer 11

1. XY - but partial/complete failure of masculization
2. x-linked inherited trait (50% of males from female carrier affected)

Question 12

(acquired disorders)

(infections orchitis-epididymitis)

1. can arise from trauma, hematogenous spread, urinary tract, or prostate
2. what kind of bacteria most common?
3. what is usually curative?

Answer 12

2. aerobic
3. abx + castraction

Question 13

(acquired disorders)

(testicular neoplasia)

1. common in dogs, uncommon in cats, more common in cryptorchid dogs
2. 3 primary tumors?
3. mets?
4. tx of choice?

Answer 13

2. sertoli cells, interstitial cell tumors, and seminoma
3. slow to develop mets, usually incidental finding in older dogs
4. castraction

Question 14

(acquired disorders)

(testicular torsion)

1. can occur in descended or undescended
2. acute onset of pain with swelling of the testicle and spermatic cord
3. tx of choice?

Answer 14

3. castration

Question 15

(acquired disorders)

Question 16

(surgery)

Answer 16