02 Anatomical Language - How Do Clinicians Communicate Flashcards
Anterior view
- head
- neck
- root of the neck
- chest(thorax)
- abdomen
- the inguinal region
- pelvis and perineum
Posterior view
- back
- the axilla (Armpit)
- pelvis and perineum
What are the three anatomical planes?
- sagittal plane
- coronal plane
- axial (transverse) plane
Nearer to the front of the body
Anterior
Near to the back of the body
Posterior
Nearer to the top of the head
Superior or Cranial
Nearer to the soles of the feet
Inferior or caudal
Nearer to the midline or median plane
Medial
Further from the midline or medial plane
Lateral
Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the body
Proximal
Further from the attachment of the limb to the body
Distal
Nearer to the surface of the body
Superficial
Further from the surface of the body
Deep
Further from centre of body or organ
External
Nearer to centre of body or organ
Internal
Relatively large structure is a ____ structure
Major
Relatively smaller structure is a _______ structure
Minor
Term relating to the back or posterior of a structure
Dorsal
Structure normally found only on one side of the body
Unilateral
Normally paired structures
Bilateral
Single structure located at or near the midline/median plane
Midline
Structures lies on the same side of the body as the other structure or location it is being compared to
‘We can speak of the ______ limb’
Ipsilateral
Structure lies on the opposite side of the body to the other structure or location it is being compared to
‘We can speak of the ______ eye’
Contralateral
Decreasing the angle between the bones at a joint
Flexion
Increasing the angle between the bones at a joint
Extension
Movement away from the median plane
Abduction
Movement towards the median plane
Adduction
Anterior surface of a limb rotates towards the median plane
Internal/medial rotation
Anterior surface of a limb rotates away from the median plane
External/lateral rotation
Circular motion at a joint
Circumduction
All ______ movements at joints superior to the knee joint are ________
Anterior, flexions
From the knee joint to the tips of the toes, all ______ movements are _______
Anterior, extensions
Movement terms specific to the foot : Sole of the foot rotates away from the median plane such that the sole faces laterally
Eversion
Movement terms specific to the foot : The sole of the foot rotates towards the median plane such that the sole faces medially
Inversion
Movement terms specific to the Forearm: anterior surface of the forearm rotates such that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly
Pronation (internal rotation)
Movement terms specific to the Forearm: the forearm rotates from the pronated position back into the anatomical position
Supination (external rotation)
Movement terms specific to the Forearm: the forearm is in a _______ orientation while in the anatomical position
Supinated
Movement terms specific to the Forearm: term used commonly to describe the position of the forearm hand midway between the supine and prone positions
Semi-prone
Movement terms specific to the thumb:
Abduction
Taking the thumb anteriorly away from the palm
Movement terms specific to the thumb: adduction
Adding the thumb posteriorly back to the palm after abduction
Movement terms specific to the thumb: extension
Taking the thumb laterally away from and in the coronal plane of the palm
Movement terms specific to the thumb: flexion
Folding the thumb across and into the coronal plane of the palm
Elevation
Superior movement
Depression
Inferior movement
Protraction of jaw or shoulders
Anterior movement
Retraction of jaw or shoulders
Posterior movement
