02/23b Inflammation II Flashcards
What are some vasoactive chemical mediators of inflammation?
Histamine Bradykinin Complement Prostaglandins and leukotrienes Platelet activating factor Nitric oxide Neuropeptides
What are some chemotactic chemical mediators of inflammation?
Complement Leukotriene B4 Platelet activating factor Cytokines (IL-1, TNF) Chemokines Nitric oxide
What are the effects of histamine?
Dilates arterioles and increases permeability of venules
What are the effects of complement?
Increase vascular permeability and cause vasodilation
Increase leukocyte adhesion, chemotaxis, and activation
Attaches to bacterial cell walls and enhances phagocytosis
What are the effects of bradykinin?
Increases vascular permeability
Dilates blood vessels
Causes pain
What are the effects of platelet activating factor?
Stimulates platelet aggregation
Vasoconstriction and bronchoconstriction
Vasodilation and increased venular permeability
Increased leukocyte adhesion, chemotaxis, and degranulation
Increased synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolites
What are the inflammatory neuropeptides? How do they influence inflammation?
Substance P and neurokinin A
Produced in the nervous system
Cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
Which inflammatory mediators cause vasodilation?
Prostaglandins
Nitric oxide
Histamine
Which inflammatory mediators cause increased vascular permeability?
Histamine Serotonin Complement Bradykini Leukotrienes PAF Substance P
Which inflammatory mediators cause chemotaxis and leukocyte activation?
Complement Leukotriene B4 Chemokines IL-1, TNF Bacterial products
Which inflammatory mediators cause fever?
IL-1
TNF
Prostaglandins
Which inflammatory mediators cause pain?
Prostaglandins
Bradykinin
Which inflammatory mediators cause tissue damage?
Neutrophil and macrophage lysosomal enzymes
ROS
Nitric oxide
What is Wegener’s Granulomatosis?
Inflammatory process that usually affects the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys
Characterized by necrotizing granulomatous lesions of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, and necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries and veins
What is a chalazion?
Focal inflammatory lesion of the eyelid, caused by obstruction of secretory glands (Meibomian glands or glands of Zeiss) and leading to lipogranulomatous inflammation
