01.c. Conditions Flashcards
Describe heart attack
Occurs when one of the vessels feeding the heart with oxygen becomes blocked
Describe stroke
Occurs when blood vessels feeding the brain with oxygen become blocked
List two of the main causes of CVD
- high blood cholesterol levels
- high blood pressure
- smoking
- overconsumption of fat in the diet
- lack of physical activity
- high body weight (=strain on the heart)
Describe atherosclerosis
The build up of plaque on inside blood vessel walls, hardening blood vessels, making it harder for blood to get through.
What is diabetes?
A metabolic disease which leads to high blood glucose levels from defective insulin secretion, insulin action or both.
List the two types of diabetes
Type 1
Type 2
Describe Type 1 diabetes
An autoimmune condition in which the pancreas does not produce insulin to regulate blood glucose levels
Describe Type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistance develops over a long period of time; insulin is increasingly ineffective at regulating the blood glucose levels.
Describe lung cancer
Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cells can eventually prevent healthy cells from transferring oxygen to the blood cells.
Describe Asthma
A chronic condition that affects the small air passages of the lungs. When exposed to certain triggers the airways narrow, making it difficult to breathe.
Describe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Progressive, long term lung diseases where damage to the lungs obstructs oxygen intake making breathing difficult.
Two most common forms are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
List two examples of COPD
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
What is osteoporosis?
Porous bones; bone density decreases which then decreases the strength of the bone, increasing risk of fractures.
What is dementia?
An umbrella term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life. Characterized by a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain, it is not one specific disease.
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
The most common type of dementia characterised by a progressive and irreversible loss of brain function. As brain deteriorates, it interferes with normal behavior patterns, thinking, memory, language and speech.
What is Cardiovascular Disease?
All diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Caused mainly by reduced blood supply to the heart, brain and legs (usually caused by atherosclerosis).
Occurs when one of the vessels feeding the heart with oxygen becomes completely blocked
Heart Attack
Occurs when blood vessels feeding the brain with oxygen becomes blocked
Stroke
Smoking, high dietary fat intake, lack of physical activity, high body weight are all causes of what condition?
Cardiovascular Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation
The build up of plaque on blood vessel walls, hardening and narrowing blood vessels, making it harder for blood to get through.
Atherosclerosis
A metabolic disease which leads to high blood glucose levels from defective insulin secretion, insulin action or both.
Diabetes
Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational are all types of what condition?
Diabetes
An autoimmune condition in which the pancreas does not produce insulin
Type 1 diabetes
Insulin resistance develops over a long period of time; insulin is increasingly ineffective at regulating the blood glucose levels.
Type 2 diabetes
Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cells can eventually prevent healthy cells from transferring oxygen to the blood cells.
Lung cancer
A chronic condition that affects the small air passages of the lungs. When exposed to certain triggers the airways narrow, making it difficult to breathe.
Asthma
Progressive, long term lung diseases where damage to the lungs obstructs oxygen intake making breathing difficult. Two most common forms are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are examples of what condition?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation
Porous bones; bone density decreases which then decreases the strength of the bone increasing risk of fractures.
Osteoporosis
An umbrella term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life. Characterized by a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain, it is not one specific disease.
Dementia
A progressive and irreversible loss of brain function. As brain deteriorates, it interferes with normal behavior patterns, thinking, memory, language and speech.
Alzheimer’s disease
Describe emphysema
long term damage to the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs)
Describe chronic bronchitis
Reoccurring, long term inflammation of bronchial tubes (tubes that carry air into the lungs)
