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Biology > 01. Introduction to Biology > Flashcards

01. Introduction to Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three primary branches of biology?

A
  1. Zoology (study of animals)
  2. Botany (study of plants)
  3. Microbiology (study of microorganisms)
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2
Q

What’s the branch of biology related to studying cells?

A

Cell Biology

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3
Q

What’s the branch of biology related to studying tissues?

A

Histology

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4
Q

What’s the branch of biology related to studying about the gross structure of the body?

A

Anatomy

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5
Q

What’s the branch of biology related to studying the function of the body?

A

Physiology

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6
Q

What’s the branch of biology related to studying biological molecules?

A

Biochemistry

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7
Q

What’s the field of biology related to studying inheritance?

A

Genetics

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8
Q

What’s the field of biology related to studying environment?

A

Ecology

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9
Q

Name some issues pertaining to biology

A
  1. Understanding biological diversity
  2. Understanding human body and it’s functions
  3. Sustainable use and management of natural resources and environment
  4. Sustainable food production
  5. Understanding plant life
  6. Understanding diseases and causes
  7. Solving some legal and ethical issues
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of organisms?

A
  1. Order and organization
  2. Metabolism
  3. Growth and development
  4. Irritability
  5. Adaptation
  6. Reproduction
  7. Heredity & evolution

Acronym : OMG! Ice Age Really Happend!

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11
Q

Define Metabolism

A

The sum of all chemical activities taking place in an organism
(Anabolism + Catabolism)

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12
Q

What is Biology?

A

Biology is a science which is focused on studying of living organisms

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13
Q

What’s the meaning of biology? (deconstruct the words)

A

Bios : ‘Life’
Logos : ‘Study of’
Biology : Study of life

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14
Q

How long ago did life appear on earth?

A

~3.5 billion years ago

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15
Q

What characteristics are believed to be that of first organisms?

A
  1. Heterotrophic
  2. Anaerobic
  3. Prokaryotes

Acronym : HAP

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16
Q

What’s the meaning of heterotrophic?

A

“A type of organism that mainly eats and relies on other plants or animals for energy and nutrients.” -Byjus

“(of alivingthing) gettingit’s foodfrom otherplants oranimals, orrelatingto suchliving things” - Oxford Dict.

17
Q

How many species are there at present according to estimations?

A

~10 - over 100 million

18
Q

Name few environmental issues that occur due to over exploitation of natural resources

A
  • Environmental pollution
  • Loss of biodiversity
  • Desertification
19
Q

What are the methods that can be applied to maintain sustainable food production?

A
  • Production of high yielding varieties of plants and animals
  • Production of disease resistant varieties of plants and animals
  • Improve the post-harvest technological methods
20
Q

Name some legal issues which biology helps solving

A
  • Parentage testing
  • Criminal investigations
  • Immigration disputes
21
Q

What’s the method used to solve legal issues with biology?

A

DNA fingerprinting

22
Q

What’s the meaning of growth?

A

An irreversible increase in dry mass

23
Q

What’s development?

A

Irriversible changes that occur during the lifespan of an organism

24
Q

What’s irritability?

A

The ability to respond to stimuli from both internal and external environment

25
Q

What’s the meaning of adaptation?

A

A peculiarity of structure, physiology or behavior that promotes the likelyhood of organism’s survival and reproduction in a particular environment.

26
Q

Define reproduction

A

The ability to produce offspring for continuous existence of species

27
Q

What’s the function of genes? (Unit 01)

A

Passes down from one generation to the next and control specific physiological, morphological and behavioral characters of organisms

28
Q

Define evolution

A

Ability of organisms to change overtime as a result of genetic modification

29
Q

What’s the basic structural and functional unit of life?

A

The cell

30
Q

Name the hierarchical levels of living things in order

A
  • Molecules
  • Organelles
  • Cells
  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Organ systems
  • Organisms
  • Populations
  • Communities
  • Ecosystems
  • Biosphere

Biology (2 decks)

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