01 Introduction Flashcards
Substance capable of inducing an immune response
Antigen
Antigen that is not intrinsically present in the human body
Foreign/Non-self antigen
Antigen that is an intrinsic part of the human body
Self Antigen
Antigens in nucleated cells that are matched prior to organ transplantation
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)
Antigens in anucleated cells that are matched prior to blood transfusion
Blood Group Antigen
Capacity of the immune system to differentiate self from non-self, harmless from harmful
Tolerance
Exaggerated response of the immune system towards harmless antigens
Hypersensitivity Reaction
Antigen that triggers hypersensitivity reaction
Allergen
The immune system attacks and destroys self antigens due to its inability to distinguish self from non-self
Autoimmune disease
Antibodies that attack self-antigens
Autoantibodies
Antinuclear antibodies attack the components of the nucleus of the cells in the body
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Common cause of death of SLE patients
Kidney failure
Cancer of the bone marrow results in the release of immature blood cells into circulation
Immunoproliferative disease
High cell count, mostly blast cells in the blood
Leukemia
High cell count, mostly blast cells in the lymphoid organs
Lymphoma
Due to decrease leukocyte count or decreased leukocyte function
Immunodeficiency disorder
Field of immunology concerning cells that destroy cancerous cells
Tumor Immunology
Antigens expressed by cancer cells in abnormal levels
Tumor markers
Tumor marker for pancreatic cancer
CA 19-9
Tumor marker for ovarian cancer
CA 15-3
Tumor marker for colorectal cancer
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
Matching of HLAs prior to organ transplantation
Transplantation Immunology
Method of manipulating the immune system via introduction of attenuated organism into the body
Vaccination / Immunization
Ability to cause disease
Pathogenicity
Ability to stimulate antibody production
Immunogenicity
Study of antigen-antibody reaction
Serology
Antibodies react with different but closely related antigen
Cross reactivity
Immunoassays, Immunofluorescense, Chemiluminescence
Primary Reactions
Agglutination, Precipitation, Flocculation, Complement-fixation
Secondary Reactions
In vivo tests
Tertiary Reactions
Primary sample used in serology
Serum
Study of the immune system
Immunology
